HIV Infection Trend And Influencing Factors Among Opioid Abusers In Kunming(2014-2019)

Objectives:The purpose of the research is to understand the trend of HIV/AIDS epidemic and related influencing factors among opioid abusers in the HIV monitoring outpost of Yunnan Institute for Drug Abuse from 2014 to 2019;to analyze the HIV infection status of 2407 opioid abusers and the change characteristics of related risk factors;so as to provide the basis for the formulation of AIDS prevention and control strategies and effect evaluation of the population.Methods:The national unified sentinel monitoring questionnaire "drug users Health Questionnaire" was taken in this study,and the data of the monitoring sentinel of Yunnan Institute for Drug Abuse from 2014 to 2019 were collected and analyzed.The basic demographic characteristics,drug abuse,and the test results of HIV were analyzed.Chi square test was carried out for HIV positive rate in different years,and the change characteristics of HIV positive rate and related influencing factors were analyzed for each year from 2014 to 2019.In addition,logistic regression analysis was carried out for the possible risk factors of HIV infection among opioid abuser from 2014 to 2019.Results:A total of 2411 questionnaires and blood samples were collected in this study,including 2407 valid questionnaires,the effective rate was 99.83%.1.Basic demographic characteristics:71.13%(1712/2407)of the subjects were male,28.87%(695/2407)were female,the average age was 45.18±8.57,43.91%(1057/2407)were married,93.44%(2249/2407)were Han,and 57.54%(1385/2407)were educated junior high school.2.Characteristics of drug abuse:90.82%(2186/2407)of the subjects simple abus.ed opioids,9.18%(221/2407)of the subjects abused multiple drugs.The proportion of single abuse of opioids was decreased,and the proportion of combined multi drug abuse was increased from 2014 to 2019.65.89%(1586/2407)of the subjects had drug abuse by injection,39.97%(634/1586)of them had drug abuse by injection in the last month,and 11.98%(190/1586)of them shared needles.The proportion of injecting drug abuse showed a downward trend from 2014 to 2019,and the proportion of needle sharing was declined from 2014 to 2018,but increased in 2019.3.Changes of HIV infection status and related influencing factors:The overall HIV positive rate was 7.73%(186/2407),and HIV positive rates over the years were 6.14%,7.25%,6.55%,6.45%,7.50%and 12.50%respectively,showed a slow upward trend.The HIV positive rate changed with the change of AIDS awareness rate,drug abuse behavior characteristics and intervention measures from 2014 to 2019.HIV positive rates increased as a result of reduced awareness of AIDS,increased needle sharing,increased high-risk sexual behavior and reduced interventions.4.Multi factor analysis of HIV infection:The results of multivariate analysis shows that knowledge of AIDS and receiving intervention services are the protective factors,and the risk factors of HIV infection is the combination of multi drug abuse,injecting drug use and needle sharing.Conclusions:1.The HIV infection rate of the sentinel monitoring objects of Yunnan Institute for Drug Abuse is higher,the HIV positive rate is on the rise in the six-year monitoring period,and the risk of HIV infection and transmission is increased.The main risk factors of HIV infection are injecting drug use,needle sharing and multi drug abuse.We should strengthen the exchange of clean needles for injecting drug users,and strengthen the monitoring of synthetic drug abuse and multi drug abuse.2.The phenomenon of synthetic drug abuse(methamphetamine,ketamine,etc.)and multi drug abuse among opioid drug abusers is on the rise,which is correlated with the HIV positive rate,that is,the HIV positive rate increases with the increase of multi-drug abuse.3.All risk factors changed during the monitoring period from 2014 to 2019,and the HIV positive rate fluctuated with the change of AIDS awareness rate,drug abuse behavior characteristics and intervention measures.Different influencing factors interact with each other to have different influences on the HIV infection of the research object,and corresponding improvement measures should be formulated according to the changes of various influencing factors.At the same time,strengthen the connection between community rehabilitation and multi-sectors,and reduce the risk of HIV transmission caused by drug abuse.