| Objective:Conventional two-dimensional ultrasound and virtual touch tissue quantification(VTQ)are used to observe the damage of rabbit's liver after radioactive irradiation,and the results are compared with the pathological changes,so as to reflect the liver damage more truly and to further explore the diagnostic value of the two kinds of ultrasonic techniques for radioactive liver injury.Method:28 New Zealand female rabbits were randomly divided into two groups.The experimental group was given a single dose of 30Gy irradiation to the liver,and the control group was given a false dose of OGy.Before irradiation(TO),3 weeks after irradiation(T1),12 weeks(T2),and 24 weeks(T3),the two groups of rabbits underwent conventional two-dimensional ultrasound to observe the liver parenchyma and to record the thickness of gallbladder wall,thickness of liver capsule,inner diameter of proximal heart segment of right hepatic vein and left hepatic vein and inner diameter of main portal vein,and underwent VTQ technique to measure the shear wave velocity(SWV)in the liver parenchyma of right superficial,right deep and left superficial,left deep in the main portal vein(denoted as SWVright shallow,SWVright deep,SWVleft shallow and SWVleft deep).Liver tissues were collected from two groups of rabbits for pathological observation.All data were statistically analyzed.Result:1.Survival rate and general conditions of experimental rabbits:The control group was in good condition without death.In the experimental group,one rabbit died at T1,and the others developed poor mental state,long abscess on the skin,biaural fungal infection and nose depilation.The above symptoms gradually disappeared at 24 weeks.2.Ultrasonic examination:2.1 two-dimensional ultrasound:The experimental group:In the T0?T3 stage,the liver parenchyma was small and uniform,without obvious heterogeneous changes,nodules and masses.There were no statistically significant differences in the thickness of gallbladder wall,thickness of liver capsule,inner diameter of proximal heart segment of right hepatic vein and left hepatic vein and inner diameter of main portal vein between the different two stages(p>0.05).At T1,T2 and T3 stage,3,4 and 2 rabbits were found to have peritoneal effusion.The control group:In the T0?T3 stage,liver parenchyma was fine and uniform,and no obvious abnormal changes were observed.There were no statistically significant differences in the thickness of gallbladder wall,thickness of liver capsule,inner diameter of proximal heart segment of right hepatic vein and left hepatic vein and inner diameter of main portal vein between the different two stages(p>0.05).The comparison between the experimental group and the control group was as follows:In the T0?T3 stage,there were no statistically significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in the thickness of gallbladder wall,thickness of liver capsule,inner diameter of proximal heart segment of right hepatic vein and left hepatic vein and inner diameter of main portal vein at the same period(p>0.05).2.2 VTQ imaging:The experimental group:In the T0?T2 stage,there were no statistically significant differences in SWVright shallow,SWVright deep,SWVleft shallow and SWVleft deep between the different two stages(p>0.05).The T3 stage of SWV right shallow was higher than that of T0,T1 and T2,and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).There was no significant difference T3 stage in the remaining parameters and T0,T1 and T2 stage(p>0.05).The control group:In the T0?T3 stage,there were no statistically significsant differences in SWVright shallow,SWVright deep,SWVleft shallow and SWVleft deep between the different two stages(p>0.05).Comparison between experimental group and control group:In the T0?T2 stage,there were no statistically significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in SWVright Shallow,SWVright deep,SWVleft shallow and SWVleft deep at the same period(p>0.05).In the T3 phase,SWVright shallow in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group(p<0.05),and there was no statistically significant difference between the remaining parameters in the experimental group and the control group(p>0.05).3.Pathological examination:3.1 naked eye view:The Control group:In the T0?T3 stage,liver had smooth surface,ruddy color and uniform texture.The experimental group:In the T0?T1 stage,no significant abnormal changes were observed in the liver.In the T2 stage,the liver was slightly dull in color,with less smooth surface and even texture.In the T3 stage,liver presented fine grain protuberance,and texture was not even,and touch had slight nodule feeling.3.2 under light microscope:The control group:In the T0?T3 stage,liver presented complete hepatic lobule tructure,normal shape and size of liver cells,radial arrangement of liver plate,normal shape of central vein,no fibrous tissue hyperplasia in portal area and hepatic sinusium.The experimental group:In the T0 stage,no significant abnormal changes were observed in liver.In the T1-T3 stage,liver cells showed mild to moderate edema,eosinophilic degeneration,punctate necrosis,and there was the central venous and hepatic sinus congestion and was the inflammatory cell infiltration in the portal areas.The above changes gradually increased over time.Collagen fibers in the portal area and perihepatic sinusium increased and thickened with time,and a small amount of incomplete fibrous septum was formed in the T3 stage.Conclusion:1.The liver of rabbits was slightly damaged by 30Gy dose irradiation.2.It is difficult for conventional two-dimensional ultrasound to find the changes of mild radioactive liver injury,but VTQ technology can find the changes of the hardness of damaged liver,which is more valuable for the diagnosis of radioactive liver injury than conventional two-dimensional ultrasound.3.Although VTQ technology found that radioactive liver injury was later than pathological changes,it can be used as one of the non-invasive methods to evaluate the progress of radioactive liver injury. |
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