Mediating Effect Of Psychological Empowerment On The Relatioship Between Transformational Leadership Behaviors And Performancefor Goal Attainment

Objective1.To describe the status quo of the transformational leadership behavior,psychological empowerment and nurses' performance for goal attainment in Three-A hospitals and to analyze the related factors;2.To explore the correlations between the transformational leadership behavior,psychological empowerment and nurses' performance for goal attainment.To construct the structual equation model and to test the mediating effect of psychological empowerment so as to provide a theoretical basis for improving clinical nurses' performances for goal attainment.MethodsThe questionnaire was used.The evaluation tools were transformational leadership questionnaire,psychological empowerment scale and the evaluation scale of the nurses' performnce for goal attainment.The related materials of 850 nurses from six Three-A hospitals in Shandong Province were collected.Data were processed by SPSS(Statistical Package for the Social Sciences)21.0 software.The general information of the clinical nurses was analyzed by descriptive analysis.The status quo of the transformational leadership behavior,psychological empowerment and nurses' performance for goal attainment was analyzed by variance analysis or test.Pearson correlation techniques were used to study the relevance between transformational leadership behavior,psychological empowerment and nurses' performance for goal attainment.The Multiple stepwise regression was used to examine the impact of transformational leadership,psychological empowermentand the general information exerted on the nurses' performance for goal attainment.The structural equation model was used to explore the relations among the above three and to verify the mediating effect of psychological empowerment between transformational leadership behavior.Results1.The total average score of the clinical nurses' perception on transformational leadership behaviors in Shandong Province was 114.60±19.22.The average scores of every dimension were as follows: charisma(4.51±0.72),inspiration motivation(4.41±0.75),moral modeling(4.37±0.81),individualized consideration(4.35±0.82)The integral and partial dimension of the nurses' perception on the transformational leadership behaviors of head nurses had statistical significaance(p<0.05)in terms of age,working length,sex,professsional title,marital status,nature of employment.2.The average score of nurses' psychological empowerrnent in Shandong Province was 48.34±6.12,The scores of four 4 dimensions ranked in descending order as follows: the significance of work(4.27±0.57),self-efficacy(4.22±0.53),autonomy(4.09±0.59),and the impact from work(3.53±0.81).The differences of the integral and partial dimension of the nurses' psychological empowerrnent were remarkable and so it had statistical significance(p<0.05)in different departments,age,professional title,the nature of employment.The differences of the partial dimension of the nurses' psychological empowerrnent were remarkable and so it had statistical significance(p<0.05)in working length,sex,educational background and average monthly earnings.3.The average score of nurses' performance for goal attainment in Shandong Province was 172.60±26.18.The average scores of seven 7 dimensions as follows: team collaboration(4.38±0.62),team roles(4.25±0.75),respect(4.22±0.71),mutual emotion and participation,(4.20±0.76),personalized nursing care(4.20±0.73),communication(4.12± 0.82)and autonomy decision(4.09±0.70);The partial dimension of nurses' performance for goal attainment had statistical differences(p<0.05)in different departments,age and,working length.4.There was positive correlation between transformational leadership behaviors of head nurses and the nurses' psychological empowerment(r=0.410,p<0.01);There was positive correlation between the nurses' psychological empowerment and nurses' performance for goal attainment(r=0.627,p<0.01).There was positive correlation between the nurses' psychological empowerment and nurses' performance for goal attainment(r=0.407,p<0.01).5.The analysis of the factors of nurses' performance for goal attainment showed that the transformational leadership behaviors and the psychological empowerment were the most important factors influencing the nurses' performance for goal attainment.The path analysis indicates that the transformational leadership behaviors(?=0.246,p<0.01)and the psychological empowerment(?=3.376,p<0.01)can directly predict the the nurses' performance for goal attainment.The psychological empowerment exerted a mediating effect on the transformational leadership behaviors and the psychological empowerment(?=0.327,p<0.01).The mediation effect accounted for 57.07% of the total effects.Conclusions1.The overall level of nurses' perceived transformational leadership behaviors was high.These six factors-different ages,working length,sex,educational background,marital status and average monthly earnings influencing the transformational leadership behaviors.2.The level of nurses' psychological empowerment was high.These five factors--working length,sex,educational background,marital status and average monthly earnings influencing clinical nurses' psychological empowerment.3.The overall level of nurses' performance for goal attainment was medium to upper level.Different departments,working length influencing different dimensions of the nurses' performance for goal attainment.4.There was a positive correlation between the transformational leadership behaviors,psychological empowerment and nurses' performance for goal attainment,which indicated that the improvement of transformational leadership behaviors and the psychological empowerment can promote the nurses' performance for goal attainment.5.The psychological empowerment as a mediating variabe played an important part in the regulation between the transformational leadership behaviors and nurses' performance for goal attainment.It indicated that there was causality between the transformational leader-ship behaviors and the nurses' performance for goal attainment.At the same time it indirectly influences,the nurses' performance for goal attainment through the psychological empowerment.