| Objective: We used optical coherence tomography(OCT)to measure macular retinal thickness and macular retinal volume,and to explore the characteristics of macular retinal thickness and macular retinal volume in children with hyperopia anisometropic amblyopia,and discuss the correlation between the macular parameters and the best corrected visual acuity,axial length and spherical equivalent.Subjects and Method : According to the diagnostic criteria of the amblyopia diagnosis expert consensus(2011)and "Ophthalmology"(the third edition of the eight-year system),a total of 69 children aged 6-9 years who were diagnosed with hyperopia anisometropic amblyopia in our hospital in 2019 were collected and divided into mild to moderate amblyopic eye group and severe amblyopic eye group.The contralateral non-amblyopic eye served as the internal control group and 39 normal children of the same age at the same period were collected as the external control group.Each research subject was recorded with a special medical history,general medical history,and family history of the eye.Slit lamp testing,covering test,eye movement evaluation,and fundus examination were performed to rule out ocular organic diseases.Both have undergone 1% atropine mydriasis optometry refraction examination to obtain the diopter and the best corrected visual acuity after mydriasis.Zeiss-OCT primus200 was used to record the macular parameters of each group,and then to compare the differences of macular retinal thickness and retinal volume between the groups,and to explore the correlation between the macular OCT parameters and the best corrected visual acuity,axial length and spherical equivalent.Result:1.The retinal thickness of the macular fovea: mild to moderate amblyopic eye group is(248.13 ± 22.31)?m,the contralateral non-amblyopic eye group is(232.13 ± 20.24)?m;the severe amblyopic eye group is(257.05 ± 14.12)?m,the contralateral non-amblyopic eye is(241.14 ± 10.60)?m;the normal eye group is(229.87 ± 24.16)?m.The mild to moderate amblyopic eye group and the severe amblyopic eye group are thicker than the contralateral non-amblyopic eye group(P <0.05);the severe amblyopic eye group is thicker than the mild amblyopic eye group and the normal eye group(P <0.05);the mild to moderate amblyopia eye group is thicker than the normal eye group(P <0.05).2.Retinal thickness of the inner and outer rings of the macula:(1)The area above the outer ring: the severe amblyopic eye group is(298.95 ± 29.71)?m,the contralateral non-amblyopic eye group is(283.95 ± 23.36)?m;the normal eye group is(283.76 ± 16.26)?m.The severe amblyopic eye group is thicker than its contralateral non-amblyopic eye group and the mild to moderate amblyopic eye group and normal eye group;the mild to moderate amblyopic eye group is thicker than the normal eye group.(2)The area under the outer ring: the mild to moderate amblyopic eye group is(280.36 ± 22.50)?m;the contralateral non-amblyopic eye group is(269.96 ± 23.05)?m;The mild to moderate amblyopic eye group is thicker than the contralateral non-amblyopic eye group.(3)Temporal area of the outer ring: the severe amblyopic eye group is(280.50 ± 31.53)?m,its the contralateral non-amblyopic eye group is(269.68 ± 27.17)?m,the mild to moderate amblyopic eye group is(270.45 ± 22.46)?m,the normal eye group is(264.61 ± 25.08)?m.The severe amblyopic eye group is thicker than its contralateral non-amblyopic eye group and the mild to moderate amblyopic eye group and normal eye group;the mild to moderate amblyopic eye group is thicker than the normal eye group.(4)Nasal area of the outer ring: the mild to moderate amblyopic eye group(299.53 ± 24.31)?m,the severe amblyopic eye group is(305.14 ± 28.94)?m,the normal eye group is(284.50± 24.38)?m.The severe amblyopic eye group is greater than the mild to moderate amblyopic eye group and normal eye group;the mild to moderate amblyopic eye group is thicker than the normal eye group.The above differences are statistically significant.(P <0.05).3.The macular retina volume: the severe amblyopic eye group is(10.41 ± 0.75)mm3,the contralateral non-amblyopic eye is(10.01 ± 0.83)mm3;the mild and moderate amblyopic eye group is(10.16 ± 0.65)mm3,the contralateral non-amblyopic eye group is(9.69 ± 0.96)mm3;the normal eye group is(9.54 ± 0.53)mm3.The severe amblyopic eye group and mild to moderate amblyopic eye group are larger than their contralateral non-amblyopic eye group(P <0.05);the severe amblyopic eye group is larger than mild to moderate amblyopic eye group and normal eye group(P <0.05);the mild to moderate amblyopic eye group is larger than the normal eye group(P <0.05).4.Correlation of macular retina parameters with the best corrected visual acuity,axial length and spherical equivalent:macular foveal retinal thickness,macular retinal volume,above the inner ring of the macula,nasal side of the inner ring,above the outer ring,below the outer ring,nasal side of the outer ring,and temporal retinal thickness of the outer ring are negatively correlated with axial length.The retinal thickness of macular fovea,above the inner ring of the macula,below the outer ring of the macula,the nasal side of the outer ring,the temporal side of the outer ring,and the volume of the macular retina have a positive correlation with spherical equivalent.The thickness of the macular fovea,above the outer ring of the macula,below the outer ring,and the temporal side of the outer ring and the macular retina volume are negatively correlated with the best corrected visual acuity.Conclusion:1.Different degrees of hyperopia anisometropic amblyopia may cause morphological changes in the macular retinal structure of amblyopic eyes.2.The non-amblyopic eyes of patients with anisometropic amblyopia may not be simply equivalent to normal eyes.3.The macular retina parameters may be affected by the best corrected visual acuity,axial length and spherical equivalent.The thickness of the macular fovea and the outer ring of the macula and the volume of the macular retina are more affected by it. |
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