| ObjectiveTo determine the relationship between ALDH2 and GSTM1 gene polymorphisms and the susceptibility to esophageal cancer.MethodsUsing CASE-CONTROL STUDY,the esophageal cancer patients 99 cases were collected from hospitals in Tai'an,one of the high incidence area of esophageal cancer,and were employed as case group.Meanwhile,selecting the same period,the same area and same age healthy people without kinship were employed as the control group.The age,sex,drinking history,smoking history,diabetes and other data of all the subjects(esophageal cancer patients and healthy people)were recorded.All the subjects were informed consent and volunteered to participate in the study.The 5mL of peripheral blood of each patient was collected in the EDTA anticoagulant tube and stored in the refrigerator at-20?.DNA was extracted and amplified by PCR.The ALDH2 gene was analyzed by direct sequencing and GSTM1 genotype was detected by agarose gel electrophoresis.Using the statistical software SPSS,and the genotype frequency distribution of two genes was determined by?~2test,which was in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg's law of genetic equilibrium.Using logistic regression(multivariate analysis)to determinethe polymorphism of ALDH2 gene and GSTM1 gene polymorphism,gender,smoking history,drinking history,diabetes and ALDH2/GSTM1 are risk factors leading to esophageal cancer.Results1.Statistical analysis showed that the distribution of ALDH2 gene polymorphism and GSTM1 gene polymorphism was in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg's law of genetic equilibrium(P>0.05);2.Using?~2test to compared the distribution of ALDH2 in esophageal carcinoma group and the control group,P=0.065>0.05,the results showed that the distribution of ALDH2 gene in esophageal cancer group and control group had no statistically significant differences;3.?~2test was used to compare the distribution of GSTM1 between the esophageal carcinoma group and control group,P=0.824>0.05.The results showed that there was no significant difference in the distribution of GSTM1 between esophageal cancer and control group;4.?~2test was used to compare the distribution of ALDH2 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma group and the control group,P=0.051>0.05,the result was very close to 0.05,so we think that the distribution of ALDH2 between the scales of esophageal cancer group and control group was statistically significant;5.?~2test was used to compare the distribution of GSTM1 between esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)and control group,P=0.810>0.05.The results showed that there was no significant difference in the distribution of GSTM1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)and control group;6.Using?~2test to compared the distribution of ALDH2/GSTM1 in esophageal carcinoma and the control group,ALDH2*2/GSTM1(-)(P=0.053>0.05),ALDH2*2/GSTM1(+)(P=0.810>0.05),ALDH2*1/GSTM1(-)(P=0.149>0.05),ALDH2*1/GSTM1(+)(P=0.683>0.05).These results showed that the distribution of these four genotypes in esophageal carcinoma group and control group has no significant difference in frequency.7.Using?~2test to compared the distribution of genotype ALDH2/GSTM1 in esophageal carcinoma group and the control group,ALDH2*2/GSTM1(+)(P=0.768>0.05),ALDH2*1/GSTM1(-)(P=0.133>0.05),ALDH2*1/GSTM1(+)(P=0.639>0.05),These resu-lts showed that in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma group and control group,there has no significance difference in the distribution frequency between three genotype-es.ALDH2*2/GSTM1(-)(P=0.044<0.05),the results showed that there was a significant difference in the frequency distribution between the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and the control group;8.All the factors such as gender,ALDH2 genotype,GSTM1 genotype,smoking history,drinking history,diabetes,ALDH2/GSTM1 genotype were analyzed by using logistic regression analysis,selection method of forward LR,the results showed that sex(P=0.000,OR=3.544,95%CI1.819-6.902),smoking history(P=0.007,OR=2.423,95%CI1.267-4.635),drinking history(P=0.001,OR=3.061,95%CI1.614-5.808)were independent risk factors of esophageal cancer;9.All of the subjects gender,ALDH2 genotype,GSTM1 genotype,smoking history,drinking history,diabetes and ALDH2/GSTM1 genotype were analyzed by usinglogistic regression analysis,selection method of forward LR,the results showed that sex(P=0.000,OR=3.634,95%CI1.856-7.126),smoking history(P=0.009,OR=2.375,95%CI1.240-5.550),drinking history(P=0.001,OR=2.903,95%CI1.526-5.523),ALDH2*2/GSTM1(-)genotype(P=0.047,OR=2.025,95%CI1.011-4.057)were independent risk factors of esophageal cancer?Conclusion1.ALDH2*2/GSTM1(-)genotype leads to the increased susceptibility to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and it is an independent risk factor;2.Gender,smoking history,and drinking history were independent risk factors for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. |
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