Investigation On Nutritional Health And Cognitive Ability Of Rocket Officers And Soldiers

The training of the tunnel is the main training method for Rocket Force in Peacetime and wartime.The environment of the tunnel has no natural ventilation,natural lighting,high humidity,and serious air pollution,which endangers armyman's health.In addition,all kinds of adverse conditions restrict the supply of dietary nutrition.During the airtight training,officers and soldiers are prone to depression,fatigue,insomnia and other discomfort symptoms.As a result,the Rocket Force officers and soldier's mental ability to operate has been affected,making their military operations less effective and their combat effectiveness reduced.At present,there are few studies on the nutritional health status and tunnel operation ability of rocket troops in confined environment,especially mental operation ability.Comparative study on non-confined conditions have no been reported.Objective:To investigate and evaluate the nutritional health and mental ability of some officers and men of the rocket army during the pit training and non-closed conditions.And put forward countermeasures and suggestions.Methods:According to the method of epidemiological status survey sampling,a launch unit was first selected using a simple random sampling method at a base of the Rocket Army,and then 165 people were sampled using a simple random sampling method at this launch unit,all of whom were male.The Average age of these subjects was?24.2±4.4?years.The same method first randomly selects a launch unit of a rocket army base to perform an exercise mission,and then randomly selects 245 rocket soldiers and soldiers in the selected launch unit,all male,with an average age of?24.7±5.2?years.There was no statistically significant difference in the age of the two sample takers?P>0.05?.The subjects in the two groups were conducted the survey by questionnaire,laboratory and computer test respectively,including the survey on dietary nutrition,sleep and psychological status,disease spectrum and assessment of basic cognitive ability.Results:1.The nutritional health status and cognitive ability survey of rocket soldiers during non-confined period.?1?The results of nutrition survey showed that,?1?the intake of cereal,meat,fish and shrimp,milk,sugar,vegetables,fruits,edible fungi?dry?was less than the military standard.Vegetable oil,poultry,meat and dried vegetables intake were higher than the military standard,while the intake ofvegetable oil accounted for 220.2%of the standard value.?2?carbohydrate ratio?42.3%?was slightly lower than the military standard,while the protein ratio?17.4%?and fat ratio?40.3%?were over than the standard.?3?the energy intake was appropriate to the standard,the daily intake of protein,sodium and phosphorus was exceeded,the intake of vitamin A and zinc was insufficient.?4?a total of 25.0%respondents examined were over weight.?5?bleeding gums,mouth ulcers,muscle weakness,nail ridge with spots and poor night vision deficiency symptoms were in high incidence.?2?The results of sleep questionnaire survey showed that,?1?the sleep disorders accounted for 12%.?2?in the distribution of PSQI components,the percentage of the daytime dysfunction,the time of falling asleep and the subjective quality of sleep were26.1%,24.8%and 17.0%respectively.?3?compared with the Adult Norm,subjective sleep quality,hypnagogic time,sleep efficiency and daytime dysfunction were higher?P<0.05?,and sleep medicine were lower?P<0.001,P<0.05?.?3?The psychological survey results showed that,?1?the total score and factor scores of SCL-90 were lower than those of Chinese Military Norm?P<0.001?.?2?the scores of force?9.1%?,total score?7.3%?,interpersonal sensitivity?6.1%?and depression?5.5%?were more positive.?3?compared with unmarried officers and soldiers,the Z values of sleep efficiency,daytime dysfunction,PSQI total score,obsessive compulsive symptoms,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,hostility and other indicators were higher in married servicemen?P<0.05?.?4?the total score and factor scores of SCL-90 were significant positively correlated with PSQI score,subjective sleep quality,sleep time,sleep disorder and daytime dysfunction?P<0.01?,while was positively correlated with sleep time,sleep efficiency and application of hypnotic drugs?P<0.01,P<0.05?.?4?The results of disease spectrum survey showed that,internal medicine had the largest number of respiratory diseases,of which 36.28%were upper respiratory tract infections and 3.67%are bronchitis.Followed by digestive diseases,mainly gastroenteritis.Fewer people went to surgery.Patients with oral diseases,rhinitis,and skin diseases accounted for 13.07%of the total number of visits.?5?The results of Basic Cognitive Ability Assessment showed that,the digital copy reaction time,the rotation efficiency of Chinese characters,the double-word recognition,and the meaningless graphics recognition performance of the rocket soldiers were all significantly lower than those of the regular model?P<0.001?,while the digital working memory breadth score was significantly higher than that of the regular model?P<0.05?.2.The nutritional health and cognitive ability survey of rocket soldiers during closed training.?1?Nutrition survey results:?1?the intake of creal,vegetables,fruits,eggs,fish and shrimp,and soybeans was insufficient,of which the intake of fruit was only 53.0%of the military standard;Livestock and poultry meat and vegetable oil intake were higher than the standard,while milk was not available.?the protein heat ratio?15.0%?reached the military standard,the fat heat ratio?45.0%?exceeded the military standard,and the carbohydrate heat ratio?45.0%?was lower than the military standard.?the daily energy intake per person is up to the standard;Insufficient intake of calcium,zinc,iodine,vitamin B₁,vitamin D,while the intake of Protein,iron,selenium,phosphorus,sodium and vitamin E exceeded the limit.?4?a total of 21.78%respondents examined were over weight.?5?the incidence of nutritional symptoms such as gingival bleeding,poor night vision,muscle weakness,and frequent cramps on the lower legs were24.90%,18.37%,18.37%,and 11.84%,respectively.?6?compared with non-closed conditions?0%?,the proportion of insufficient serum vitamin B₂ content of officers and soldiers was higher?15.38%?.?2?Results of sleep questionnaire survey:?1?poor sleep accounted for 39.2%,which was higher than that in non-confined conditions.?2?the number of respondents who had problems with daytime dysfunction,subjective sleep quality,sleep time,sleep time,sleep disorder and sleep efficiency was higher.The percentages of its constituent values?2 were 64.1%,40.0%,32.3%,32.2%,13.9%and 12.3%,which is significantly higher than that under closed condition.?3?compared with adult norm,PSQI score,daytime dysfunction,subjective sleep quality,sleep time,sleep time,sleep efficiency,and sleep disorder score were higher?P<0.05,P<0.01?.Compared with non-closed conditions,PSQI score,daytime dysfunction,subjective sleep quality,sleep time,sleep disorder,and sleep efficiency score were higher?P<0.01?.?3?Psychological survey results:?1?compared with the Chinese military model,the total score of SCL-90 and all factors were significantly reduced?P<0.001?.?2?compared with non-confined conditions,the two indicators of force and depression were lower?P<0.05?,and there were no significant differences for the remaining indicators.With the exception of hostility?4.1%?and other?5.7%?,the positive ratio of the other factors was lower.?3?compared with unmarried officers and soldiers,married officers and soldiers had higher Z values for sleep time,sleep efficiency,hypnotics,paranoia,and other indicators?P<0.05?.?4?SCL-90 total score and each factor score were positively correlated with daytime dysfunction?P<0.01,P<0.05?.In addition to psychiatric factors,the total score of SCL-90 and each factor score were positively related to the total score of PSQI and sleep disorders?P<0.01,P<0.05?.The total score of somatization,hostility,other,SCL90 total score was positively related to sleep quality,sleep time,and sleep time?P<0.01,P<0.05?.Hostile,paranoid were positively correlated with sleep quality?P<0.05?.?4?Results of disease spectrum survey:the incidence of upper respiratory tract infection?91.02%?during confined training was higher than that during non-closed periods?36.28%?;The incidence of pharyngitis,oral ulcer,acute gastroenteritis,conjunctivitis,athlete's foot,dry eye disease and allergic rhinitis increased significantly,The incidence of training injuries had also increased.?5?Results of Basic Cognitive Ability Assessment:during the closed training period,the digital copy reaction of the rocket officers and soldiers was significantly higher than that under the non-closed conditions?P<0.05?,and there was no significant difference in the remaining indicators.The digital copy reaction,Chinese character rotation efficiency,double-word rerecognition,and meaningless graphics rerecognition were all significantly lower than the normal mode?P<0.001,P<0.01?,and the Chinese character comparison response was significantly higher than the normal mode?P<0.01?.Conclusion:1.Under closed and non-closed conditions,the intake of energy and most nutrients of some officers and soldiers of the Rocket Army can meet the requirements of the military standard;However,the intake of calcium,zinc,iodine,vitamin B₁ and vitamin D was insufficient during the closure period.2.Compared with the non-closed training conditions,the problem of poor sleep quality of some officers and soldiers of Rocket Army during the closed period is more prominent.3.Compared with the non-closed training conditions,the digital copy reaction and the Chinese character comparison reaction of some officers and men of the rocket force during the closed period increased significantly,indicating the poor rapid response ability.