| Objectives: To investigate the features of early cognitive impairment in patients with cerebral small vessel disease(CSVD).Methods: 155 CSVD patients were consecutively recruited.Comprehensive neuropsychological test(NPT)were administrated on all participants.The patients were categorized into 3 groups,no cognitive impairment group(NCI),vascular mild cognitive impairment group(Va MCI),and vascular dementia group(Va D).The Va MCI patient were further categorized into 4 subgroups according to different impaired cognitive domains.Results: 1)NPT were completed in 144 CSVD patients.Among them,44 patients(30.6%)were classified as NCI,78 patients(54.2%)were Va MCI,and the remaining 22 were Va D.2)If classified by memory dysfunction,13 patients were diagnosed as single-domain amnestic MCI(16.7%),39 patients were with multiple-domain amnestic MCI(50%),21 patients were with single-domain non-amnestic MCI(26.9%)and 5patients were with multiple-domain amnestic MCI(6.4%).If classified by executive dysfunction,21 patients were diagnosed as single-domain amnestic MCI(26.9%),40 patients were with multiple-domain amnestic MCI(51.3%),13 patients were with single-domain non-amnestic MCI(16.7%)and 4 patients were with multiple-domain amnestic MCI(5.1%).3)44 patients(56.4%)were cognitive impaired in multiple domains while the remaining 34 patients(43.6%)were single domain impaired.4)The most frequently impaired cognitive domain is executive function with 61 patients(78.2%)affected,while 52 patients(66.7%)were with memory impaired,20 patients(25.6%)was with language impaired and only 9 patients(11.5%)were with visuo-spatial constructional function impaired.Conclusions: Nearly 70% of the CSVD patients were cognitively impaired and more than half of the patients were at early stage.Dysexecutive is the most prominent cognitive feature in CSVD patients.It suggested that screening for executive function is necessary to identify early cognitive dysfunction in CSVD. |
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