The Study On Health Status And Health Management Effect Of Empty Nesters In Nanjing

Objective Through the introduction of the concept of health status and influencing factors,this study carried out the practice of health management program for empty nestersover 60 in the community hospital of Nanjing.The effect of health management were evaluated and the influencing factors of health management were analyzed.Effective community health management model was explored base on this study.To provide a scientific basis for exploring measures to improve the health of empty nesters.Methods A randomized controlled trial was taken to investigate the 700 empty nesters in a community hospital in Nanjing from March 2013 to December 2014.Empty nesterswere randomly divided into either control group or management and each group contains 350 empty nesters.After grouping,the management group received the intervention,while the control group was not interfered with.Health management included health education,health manuals and self-management cards,health talks,telephone follow-up,health records,and personalized health management.All participants were required to complete questionnaires at baseline and in 24-months later.The questionnaires include demographic characteristics,prevalence of chronic diseases,evaluation of the quality of life(physical function dimension,self-care function dimension,emotional dimension,personality dimension,social adaptability and memory function dimension),lifestyle(diet,drinking,smoking,exercise,etc.),the use of preventive health services(oral health care,regular blood pressure measurement of blood glucose,regular physical examination etc.).Data were entered via Epi Data3.1 and analyzed by SPSS22.0.Method of statistical analysis like descriptive analysis,t-test,Chi-square test,variance analysis,Rank sum test,and multivariable linear regression model were applied in this study,to evaluate the health status and health management effectiveness of empty nesters,and analyze the factors affecting health status and health management effectiveness.Results(1)In this study,350 participants in management group and 350 participants in control group completed baseline survey.330 participants in management group,the number of lost was 20 the loss ratio was 5.71%,320 participants in control group.the number of lost in the management was 30 and the loss ratio was 8.57%.(2)The baseline empty nester,dominated by women,accounting for 54.72%,aged 60-69,accounting for 48.72%,nontasters accounting for 51.43%,smoking empty nester accounting for 25.86%,drinking empty nester accounting for 32.57%,number of days a week for walking is more than 5 days accounting for 30.14%.(3)From the 700 empty nester,433 empty nester suffering from chronic diseases,the prevalence rate was 61.86%,which had 1-2 kinds of chronic diseases of the elderly has a total of 371 people,the total number of sick accounting for 85.68%,have 3 or more chronic diseases of the elderly has a total of 62 people,the total number of sick accounting for 14.32%;the influencing factors of chronic diseases empty nester analysis showed that the prevalence of chronic diseases related to female,high education,living alone,smoking,strong flavors,less exercise,overweight or obesity(P <0.05).(4)The baseline quality of life showed that physical function score was 3.588±0.583,self-care function score was 4.954±0.175,emotional personality dimensions score was 4.159 ± 0.666,memory function score was 4.052± 0.728,social adaptability dimensions score was 3.718 ± 0.644;comprehensive score of quality of life was 4.058 ±0.349;factors affecting the quality of life score analysis showed that the comprehensive score quality of life was related with older age,medical insurance at your own expense,suffering from chronic diseases,heavy taste,etc.There was no statistical difference in scores of physical function,life function self-care dimension,memory function dimension,and social adaptability dimension between baseline management group and control group(P>0.05),in the emotional personality dimension,the baseline control group scored higher than the management group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).(5)The heath-related measures were compared between the management group and the control group,the results showed that the taste,drinking,blood pressure,regular measurement of weekly walking days,physical function dimension,social adaptability,emotional personality dimensions,quality of life scores and other indicators,management group was significantly better than the control group(P<0.05);Compare the difference between the baseline of the management group and the baseline of the control group,we found that management group increased more in the physical function dimension,emotional personality dimensions,social adaptability dimension,comprehensive score of quality of life,The difference was statistically significant(P <0.05),there was no significant difference in the other indexes;The differences between the management group and the control group were compared with the baseline,we found that the difference between emotional personality dimensions,social adaptability dimensions and comprehensive score of quality of life was significantly higher in the management group and the control group than in the baseline.The difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).(6)Multivariable linear regression model was employed to conduct influencing factors of health management effectiveness.The results revealed that the higher educational level with the lower baseline physical function had a higher change in physical function.The younger aged with high educational level and poor baseline self-care funtion had a higher change in self-care function.The higher educational level with the lower baseline emotion function had a higher change in emotion personality function.The younger aged with high educational leveland poor baseline memory funtion had a higher change in memory function.The higher educational level with the lower baseline social function had a higher change in social adaptability function.Conclusion The study showed that the quality of life of empty nesterswas generally better,but there were still some problems.After 24 months of health management,the indicators of the management group have been significantly improved,which fully demonstrated the effectiveness of multi-participant health management programs.This study suggests that efforts should be made to take measures to improve the lifestyle of the empty nesters,increase the investment in health management,and improve the quality of health management,so that the quality of life of the empty nesters can be improved.