The Association Between Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference And Benign Breast Disease In Adult Women

ObjectiveGiven the association obesity with the risk factors for benign breast disease such as insulin resistance,estrogen and cytokine secretion,and the limited study to explore the association between body mass index?BMI?,waist circumference?WC?and benign breast disease,we used data from large cross-sectional study to investigate BMI,WC and benign breast disease in women before and after menopause independent of WC or BMI The association between BMI,WC and benign breast disease can provide advice and guidance for early prevention of benign breast disease in women before and after menopause.MethodsThe data of this cross-sectional study were derived from baseline data of the Tianjin Chronic Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation and Health?TCLSIHealth?Cohort Study.A female population of the study who received at least one routine health checkup including breast B-ultrasound was a total of 5,954 adults during 2014 and 2016.After the exclusion,5,517 people were eventually included and this data was analyzed.All participants voluntarily participated and signed informed consent.Questionnaire collection,physical examination and laboratory examination were also conducted on the final population,and this data was used as adjustment data for statistical analysis.A questionnaire using a reliability and validity test was used to collect information on alcohol consumption status and smoking status.Physical examination included measurements of blood pressure,WC,height,weight and breast ultrasound examination.Suspected breast nodules and breast thickening in the mammary gland were diagnosed as benign breast disease by breast ultrasound examination.On the same day,blood glucose and blood lipids were measured in women who underwent physical examination and kept fasting.The analysis method for the comparison between groups include differences in basic characteristics between benign breast disease and non-benign breast disease,and different classifications of BMI and WC,on which continuous variables uses the covariance analysis and the Logistic regression analysis is used for the qualitative variables to adjust the age.In this study,BMI and WC were divided into four groups according to Chinese adult standards,and were also grouped according to the quintile of this population to further determine the stability of the results of this study.The prevalence of benign breast disease was used as a dependent variable,and different groups of WC and BMI were used as independent variables.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the distribution of WC and BMI groups in benign breast disease or no benign breast disease in the three models,thereby evaluating the association between WC,BMI and benign breast disease.Further,stratification was performed by the menopausal status,and the association between WC,BMI,and benign breast disease in each layer was further observed.ResultsIn the general population,the prevalence of benign breast disease was 21.3%.The prevalence of benign breast disease in premenopausal women and postmenopausal women was 24.0%and 18.3%,respectively.In the comparison of the basic characteristics of the female population,overall women and stratification according to menopausal status were observed to have statistically significant differences in BMI and WC between no benign breast disease and benign breast disease(P_{for trend}<0.05);and in the overall female and stratification according to menopausal status,Using BMI and WC as grouping variables have found that as increased BMI and WC,the proportion of LDL-C,TG,FBG,SBP,DBP and metabolic syndrome also increased and HDL-C decreased(P_{for trend}<0.05).In the multivariate Logistic regression analysis,the odds ratios?ORs??95%confidence interval,CI?of benign breast disease by increasing the levels of BMI?low weight,normal weight,overweight and obeisty?were 0.85?0.59,1.22?,1.00,1.05?0.88,1.25?,0.93?0.69,1.25?after adjusting for all potential confounders,and was not showed statistical significance.After multiple adjustments,BMI as a continuous variable,the ORs?95%CI?of benign breast disease for each unit increment of BMI was1.00?0.97,1.04?which was not showed statistical significance.In premenopausal women,the ORs?95%CI?of benign breast disease by increasing the levels of BMI was 1.23?0.82,1.83?,1.00,1.00?0.78,1.27?,0.81?0.51,1.26?,and not showed statistical significance.After multiple adjustments,BMI was used as a continuous variable,and the ORs?95%CI?for each unit increment of BMI for benign breast disease was 0.97?0.92,1.01?,which it was not showed statistical significance.In postmenopausal women,the ORs?95%CI?of benign breast disease by increasing the levels of BMI were 0.56?0.16,1.51?,1.00,0.98?0.76,1.27?,0.94?0.62,1.41?,and was not showed statistical significance.After multiple adjustments,BMI was used as a continuous variable,and the ORs?95%CI?of benign breast disease for each unit increment of BMI was 0.99?0.95,1.05?,which it was not showed statistical significance.In the multivariate Logistic regression analysis,the odds ratios?ORs??95%confidence interval,CI?of benign breast disease by increasing WC quintiles were 1.00,0.89?0.72,1.10?,0.86?0.68,1.08?,0.66?0.51,0.85?,0.58?0.42,0.79?after adjusting for all potential confounders(P_{for trend}<0.001),and showed statistical signicicance in the fourth and fifth quintiles.After multiple adjustments,WC as a continuous variable,the ORs?95%CI?of benign breast disease for each unit increment of WC was 0.98?0.97,0.99?which was showed statistical significance.In premenopausal women,the ORs?95%CI?of benign breast disease by increasing WC quintiles was 1.00,0.90?0.68,1.19?,0.76?0.56,1.03?,0.69?0.50,0.96?,0.63?0.42,0.92?(P_{for trend}=0.01),and showed statistical significance in the fourth and fifth quintiles.After multiple adjustments,WC was used as a continuous variable,and the ORs?95%CI?for each unit increment of WC for benign breast disease was 0.99?0.97,1.00?,which it was not showed statistical significance.In postmenopausal women,the ORs?95%CI?of benign breast disease by increasing WC quintiles were 1.00,1.07?0.79,1.45?,0.63?0.43,0.92?,1.00?0.70,1.43?,0.78?0.49,1.22?(P_{for trend}=0.23),and showed only statistical significance in the third quintile of the WC.After multiple adjustments,WC was used as a continuous variable,and the ORs?95%CI?of benign breast disease for each unit increment of WC was 0.99?0.97,1.01?,which it was not a statistical significance.ConclusionsThe above information suggests that an increase in WC may decrease the risk of benign breast disease in premenopausal women;however,only proper abdominal obesity can reduce the risk of benign breast disease in postmenopausal women.Therefore,the increase in WC may have different effects on the risk of benign breast disease in the premenopausal and postmenopausal women.However,the association between BMI and benign breast disease was not statistical significance in the overall female population and in the stratification according to the menopausal status.Because this study is a cross-sectional study,the causal association between WC and benign breast disease cannot be determined,so further prospective studies are needed to determine the association between WC and benign breast disease.