| Objectives:Women of childbearing age in China are suffering from serious harm of passive smoking due to the high smoking rate of Chinese males.A survey on tobacco control in pregnant families has increasingly more significance as the two-child policy was released in China.This research is to investigate the smoking status of pregnant women&their families and to evaluate their smoking behaviors as well as to analyze the influence of social,demographic and related knowledge level factors,which help to produce new strategies for tobacco control in pregnant families.Methods:The general situation of health education for pregnant women was reviewed and questionnaires for pregnant families were designed based on the literature study and expert interview.Pregnant women who received antenatal examination,pregnant and lying-in women who were hospitalized and their spouses were enrolled.The sample population was from 7 chosen hospitals located in Xuhui,Changning,Zhabei,Minhang,Jiading district of Shanghai from June to November 2015.Pregnant women and their spouses were asked to finish two questionnaires respectively,by which basic information,their smoking status,household smoking ban and related knowledge level were investigated.Data from the survey was input into the Epidata 3.1 database and the descriptive analysis,t test,X~2 test,and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used with the SPSS20.0 software.Results:A total of 2850 questionnaires were distributed,and 2831 valid questionnaires were recovered,with an effective returning rate of 99.3%.The average age of enrolled pregnant women was(27.4±4.3)years old,and the average age of their spouses was(29.1±4.7)years old.The positive smoking rate of pregnant women was 0.7%(21/2831)during pregnancy and was 1.9%(53/2831)before pregnancy,and the difference was sighnificant(P<0.05)with a smoking cessation rate of 60.4%(32/53).The smoking rate of the spouses was 24.7%(698/2831)during pregnancy and 29.2%(826/2831)before pregnancy,and the difference was significant with a smoking cessation rate of 15.5%(128/826).The smoking rate of the other family members was20.2%(217/1073)during pregnancy and 23.8%(255/1073)before pregnancy,and the difference was significant(P<0.05)with a smoking cessation rate of 14.9%(38/255).The tobacco control rate of smoker's families was 47.5%(446/938),and the tobacco control rate among all pregnant families was 82.4%(2334/2831).Single-factor analysis showed that influence factors on tobacco control rate of pregnant families included the registered residence,age and educational level of pregnant women and their spouses,different trimester of pregnancy,monthly family per capita income,nuclear family or not,living with minors younger than 10 years old or not among social demographic factors;included the knowledge of pregnant women about passive smoking,the awareness of the harm of passive smoking to pregnant women and fetuses by pregnant women,the attitude of pregnant women toward face-to-face smokers,the knowledge of pregnant women about the influence of passive smoking on health,the perception of smoking spouses on smoking and the knowledge of smoking spouses about the harm of passive smoking to pregnant women and fetuses among tobacco control related knowledge factors.Besides,smoking status during and before pregnancy of pregnant women,their spouses and other family members were also associated with tobacco control rate of pregnant families.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the tobacco control rate of pregnant families had regression relation with the educational level of pregnant women(OR=1.597;95%CI=1.139~2.240)and their spouses(OR=1.564;95%CI=1.114~2.190),nuclear family or not(OR=4.531;95%CI=3.526~5.824),living with minors younger than 10years old or not(OR=1.335;95%CI=1.010~1.764),the attitude of pregnant women toward face-to-face smokers(OR=1.584;95%CI=1.163~2.156)and the knowledge of pregnant women about the influence of passive smoking on health(OR=1.820;95%CI=1.352~2.449)among social demographic factors and tobacco control related knowledge factors.The usage rate of Wechat is 87.0%among pregnant women,and the public platform attracts 65.5%of pregnant women who use Wechat to read information everyday.54.2%of pregnant women who use Wechat are willing to subscribe pregnancy health care and tobacco control related information.Conclusions:The tobacco control rate in pregnant families is relatively high,achieving 82.4%,while the quitting rate of smoking spouses and other family members is low,only14.9%and 15.5%respectively.The educational level of pregnant women and their spouses(college and above),the family structure(nuclear family or no minors younger than 10 years old live together)and the attitude of pregnant women toward face-to-face smokers(very disgusted or even more)and the knowledge of pregnant women about the influence of passive smoking on health(known or well known)have significant positive influence on tobacco control rate in pregnant families.The usage rate of Wechat is relatively high among pregnant women,and the public platform information attracts a strong concern.The Wechat public platform will be used to improve the cognition on tobacco control of pregnant women and their families,which may further help increase the tobacco control rate or even quitting rate of pregnant families. |
PDF Full Text Request