Recognition Of Basic Facial Expressions Of Different Intensities In Children With High Autism Traits

The core features of Autism Spectrum Disorder(ASD)are restrictive and repetitive behavioral patterns,as well as significant social interactions and communication barriers.The DSM-5 uses a unified diagnostic dimension "pedigree" to replace the previous nulti-type classification diagnosis.The pedigree means that the autistic traits are present in both the general population and the ASD population,but there is a difference in quantity.The core feature of ASD is social disorder.Facial expression recognition is an important part of social interaction.ASD has obstacles in facial expression recognition.High autism traits may have similar features to ASD.Therefore,this study preliminarily explores the distribution of autistic traits in the general population,and whether the high autism traits have similar characteristics to ASD in terms of gender ratio and facial expression recognition.This study is divided into two studies:Study 1 explores the distribution of autistic traits in the general population and the sex ratio in the high and low autism traits.For the 620 students of Grade 4 to Grade 6 of Tianjin Normal School’s second affiliated primary school,they used the autistic quotient questionnaire for children’s test,adopted parental scores,and adopted a 10%standard to classify high and low autism.The study found that autistic traits are positively skewed in the general population,and the proportion of males in high autistic traits is higher,and the proportion of males in low autistic traits is lower.Study 2 wants to explore the influence of group,facial expression category,facial expression gender on facial expression recognition,and whether high autism traits had damage on facial expression recognition.For the high and low autistic traits in Study 1,the Raven’s standard reasoning test was used to match,and the six basic facial expressions were identified by using the static image of the gradient expression.The results showed that(1)The high autism trait group had damage in the recognition of the surprised and angry expression.(2)The main effects of group,facial expression and facial expression are significant,and the interaction is significant.(3)In the high and low groups,the interaction between facial expressions and facial expressions is different.(4)The high autism trait group has the best recognition of male happy expression,which is significantly better than the recognition of male anger,disgust and fear expression;the recognition of male surprised expression is significantly better than the recognition of male fear;the recognition of female happy expression is the best,significantly better than the recognition of female surprise,anger,fear expression;the recognition of female angry expression is the worst,significantly weaker than the recognition of female happy,sad,surprised,disgust expression;the recognition of female fear expression is significantly weaker than the recognition of women’s happy,sad,and disgusted expressions.There is no significant difference in the recognition of other expressions.Conclusion:(1)The autistic traits are present in the general children’s group and have a nonlinear relationship.(2)High autism traits,like the ASD group,have a higher male ratio and support the theory of extreme male brains.(3)Children with high autism characteristics have the characteristics of ASD,and there is selective damage in facial expression recognition.(4)The main effects of group,facial expression and facial expression are significant,and the interaction is significant.In the high autism trait group,the interaction between facial expressions and facial expressions is significant.In the low autism trait group,the interaction between facial expressions and facial expressions was not significant.(5)The recognition of fear and anger by children with high autism is significantly weaker than other expressions.The recognition of fear by children with low autism is significantly weaker than other expressions.The weakest recognition of fear may be late with the development of fear expression,related.(6)The recognition of male expression by the children’s group is better than that of the female expression,which may be due to the "automatic attention system for the evolution of social threats".(7)Humans are sensitive to the recognition of facial expressions,not "all or nothing".