Investigation On Nutritional Quality Of Patients With Spinal Cord Injury

[Objective]To understand the nutritional risk,nutritional status,nutritional knowledge,attitude,dietary behavior and other nutritional status of patients with spinal cord injury,and to explore the influencing factors of nutritional risk and nutritional status of patients with spinal cord injury,so as to provide basis for formulating and improving the nutritional quality of patients with spinal cord injury.[Methods]140 patients with spinal cord injuy from June 2017 to June 2018 in hospitals of Suzhou and Shanghai were selected as subjects.There were 96 males and 44 females,with an age range of 18?75 years,with an average age of(43.2+6.7)years.There were 48 cases of the patients with quadriplegia and 92 cases of the patients with paraplegia.140 patients were screened by Spinal Cord Injury Nutrition Screening Scale(SNST),and the nutritional quality of patients with spinal cord injury was investigated by questionnaires in order to understand the nutritional quality of patients with spinal cord injury and explore the factors affecting the nutritional risk and nutritional status of patients with spinal cord injury.[Results]1 140 patients with spinal cord injury,of which 0-10 points,low risk of malnutrition accounted for 62.9%;11-15 points,31.4%of the risk of malnutrition;>15 points,high risk of malnutrition accounted for 5.7%.2 64 of them were normal weight(45.71%),16 were thin(11.43%),36 were overweight(25.71%)and 24 were obese(17.41%).The nutritional status of patients with spinal cord injury was not affected by gender(P>0.05).The proportion of patients who had been in bed(26.67%)was higher than the average level(14.29%)(P<0.01).3 The nutritional risk of quadriplegia patients is higher than that of paraplegia patients;>60-year-old patients have higher nutritional risk than 18-30-year-old patients;patients with spinal cord injury with chronic diseases have higher nutritional risk than those without other diseases;patients with enteral and parenteral nutrition or improved diet and nutritional supplements have higher nutritional risk than those without other diseases.Patients with normal diet and fluids;those who do not accept food and beverages or cannot eat are at higher nutritional risk than those who have good appetite and eat all foods;those who need to be fed are at higher nutritional risk than those who can eat independently;and those who need to take(inject)three or more different drugs a day are at higher nutritional risk than those who do not need them.Patients(P<0.05).4 The proportion of patients with high nutritional risk who did not eat lean meat fish(50%)and eggs(50%)was higher than that of the middle-risk and low-risk groups;the proportion of patients with high nutritional risk who ate fruits,vegetables,brown rice or cereals was lower than that of the middle-risk and low-risk groups(P<0.05).5 50% of obese patients believed that body weight had no effect on the rehabilitation of spinal cord injury patients,which was significantly higher than the average level of 17.14%,while 100%of lean patients believed that it would have an impact,P<0.01;50%of obese patients believed that nutrition had no effect on the body,P<0.01;60%of lean patients believed that weight control was not necessary,and 83.33%of obese patients believed that weight control was not necessary.Weight control was considered necessary,P<0.05;88.89%of overweight patients believed that additional nutrition was needed after spinal cord injury(P<0.01).[Conclusion]1 Patients with spinal cord injury have higher nutritional risk,varying degrees of malnutrition and overnutrition.2 Different levels of injury,age,whether there are other diseases,dietary patterns,appetite,dietary ability,activity ability and the use of drugs all have an impact on nutritional risk.3 Although nutritional attitudes are positive,there are unreasonable dietary structure and dietary system,insufficient awareness of weight control,blind diet or increased nutrition.4 It is necessary to pay attention to the factors affecting the nutritional risk of patients with spinal cord injury,to educate the patients and their families about nutritional health,to raise the awareness of the importance of nutrition,to improve the nutritional status of patients,and to improve the therapeutic effect of rehabilitation.