Prevalence Of Sarcopenia And Osteoporosis And Analysis Of Their Risk Factors And Correlation In Elderly Hospitalized Patients

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of sarcopenia and osteoporosis and explore the correlation between two diseases in elderly hospitalized patients,so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention of sarcopenia and osteoporosis in the elderly.Methods: From December 2017 to December 2018,378 elderly patients not lower than 60 years old who were hospitalized in geriatrics of the First People's Hospital of Xiangtan City were recruited by cross-sectional survey.General information and clinical biochemical indexes of the patients were recorded.Bone mineral density(BMD)of the neck of femur,the first lumbar vertebra(L1),the second lumbar vertebra(L2),the third lumbar vertebrae(L3),the fourth lumbar vertebrae(L4),appendicular skeletal muscle mass,muscle strength and walking speed were also measured.In this study,we analyzed the prevalence of sarcopenia,osteoporosis and osteosarcopenia in elderly hospitalized patients,the risk factors of sarcopenia and osteoporosis,the correlation between the BMD of the neck of femur,L1,L2,L3,L4 and the appendicular skeletal muscle mass,relative appendicular skeletal muscle mass,muscle strength and walking speed.Results: 1.The prevalence of sarcopenia in elderly hospitalized patients was12.4%,9.8% in males and 14.2% in females,and there was no statistically significant between males and females(P>0.05).Compared with elderly hospitalized patients with non-sarcopenia,patients with sarcopenia are older,with higher systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),triglyceride(TG),low density lipoprotein(LDL)and homocysteine(HCY),lower body mass index(BMI)and serum calcium,and higher proportion of patients with diabetes.Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age,SBP,DBP,TG,LDL and HCY were risk factors forsarcopenia,and BMI and serum calcium were protective factors(P<0.01 or P<0.05).Multivariate unconditional Logistic regression analysis was performed on all variables with significance in univariate Logistic regression analysis,and it was found that age(OR 1.17,p<0.01),SBP(OR 1.05,p<0.05),DBP(OR 1.08,p<0.05),TG(OR 1.25,p< 0.01)were risk factors for sarcopenia,and BMI(OR 0.68,p < 0.01)and serum calcium(OR 0.03,p<0.01)were protective factors for sarcopenia.2.The prevalence of osteoporosis in elderly hospitalized patients was 55.3%,43.1% in males and 63.6% in females,respectively.The prevalence of osteoporosis in females was higher than that in males,which is statistically significant(P < 0.01).Compared with elderly hospitalized patients without osteoporosis,osteoporosis patients are older,with higher SBP,DBP,HCY and CRP,lower BMI,serum calcium and body fat mass,and higher proportion of patients with diabetes(P <0.01 or P < 0.05).Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age,female,history of diabetes,SBP,DBP,HCY and CRP were risk factors for osteoporosis,and BMI,serum calcium and body fat mass were protective factors for osteoporosis(P<0.01 or P<0.05).Multivariate unconditional Logistic regression analysis was performed on all variables with significance in univariate Logistic regression analysis.It was found that female(OR 3.40,p<0.01),diabetes history(OR 4.29,p<0.01)and CRP(OR 1.08,p<0.01)were risk factors for osteoporosis,and BMI(OR 0.92,p<0.05)and body fat mass(OR0.93,p<0.01)were protective factors for osteoporosis.3.The prevalence of osteosarcopenia in elderly hospitalized patients was 11.1%,including 7.8% in males and 13.3% in females,with no statistically significant difference between males and females.The prevalence of osteoporosis in elderly patients with sarcopenia was 85.1%.Compared with non-sarcopenia patients,the BMD of L1(P < 0.01),L2(P < 0.01),L3(P < 0.01)and L4(P < 0.01)were lower in sarcopenia patients.The prevalence of sarcopenia in elderly patients with osteoporosis was 19.1%.Compared with non-osteoporosis patients,the appendicular skeletal muscle mass,RASM,walking speed and muscle strength were lower in osteoporosis patients(P <0.01).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the appendicular skeletal muscle mass,RASM,walking speed and muscle strength were positively correlated with the BMD of the neck of femur,L1,L2,L4 of elderly hospitalized patients(P<0.01),but not the BMD of L3(P>0.05).Conclusion: The prevalence of sarcopenia,osteoporosis and osteosarcopenia maybe higher in elderly hospitalized patients.Risk factors for the onset of sarcopenia may include age,SBP,DBP,TG.In addition,low BMI,low blood calcium levels may be related to the occurrence of sarcopenia.Risk factors for osteoporosis may include female,diabetes history,CRP.In addition,low BMI,low body fat may be related to the occurrence of sarcopenia.There is a correlation between sarcopenia and osteoporosis in elderly hospitalized patients.The prevalence of sarcopenia and osteoporosis may be higher in elderly hospitalized patients,and there may be a lot risk factors affecting their occurrence.There may be some correlation between sarcopenia and osteoporosis.Early prevention,early detection and early treatment should be implemented to delay or reduce the occurrence of sarcopenia and osteoporosis in elderly hospitalized patients.