| Lonicerae Japaonicae Flos is the dry flower bud or the flower with initial opening of Lonicera japonica Thunb.Also known as silver flower,double flower,two flowers,etc.It is one of the main medicinal herbs in Henan Province and the history of use has been thousands of years.The sources of Chinese medicinal materials are complex,and there are huge differences in chemical composition and appearance.The study of quality control of TCM is a complicated,arduous and rigorous process.The harvesting and processing is one of the key links affecting the quality of medicinal materials.How to reasonably formulate harvesting and processing standards to improve the quality of medicinal materials is a problem worthy of further consideration at present.As a important means of quality evaluation,fingerprint in TCM and one-test multi-evaluation technology can fully reflect the type,quantity and content,which has become a research hotspot at home and abroad.This paper used the modern technology such as high performance liquid to study on the harvesting,processing,methods of quality evaluation and antiviral biological activity of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos,combined with chemometric methods.At the same time,combined with stoichiometry,the quality evaluation of different batches of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos was carried out to provide theoretical basis for the rational formulation of harvesting and processing specifications and quality control.The main contents are as follows:1.Make a systematic study on the harvesting and processing of Lonicerae Japonicae FlosBy measuring general inspection items(including moisture,ash,acid-insoluble ash)and main ingredient content(including chlorogenic acid,luteoloside).The results are as follows: General inspection items are in compliance with pharmacopoeia requirements.Harvesting lasts from early May to late September,with the best harvest quality in May;suitable for harvesting in the flower bud period,especially from the “erbai” to the “dabai”period.The effects of different processing methods(including drying in the air,oven drying,steam drying,microwave fixation integrated with baking)on the appearance and intrinsic quality of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos were investigated.The appearance of the microwave sample is full,the odor is rich,the color is green,and the chlorogenic acid content is obviously increased,which is about 1 times higher than the oven drying method.It has little effect on the content of luteoloside.Furthermore,optimize the process,and the best process is 45 s~130 s with miorowave fixation,the power was 9 kW,the drying temperature was 75 °C.This process is suitable for Lonicerae Japonicae Flos drying and is worth popularizing.2.Establish HPLC fingerprint and a method for multi-evaluation of caffeoyl quinic acid of Lonicerae Japonicae FlosThe nine common peaks of of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos were identified and seven characteristic peaks were identified.The similarity of it in different harvesting and processing was above 0.93.The method of establishing five kinds of caffeoylquinic acid components was evaluated.The new chlorogenic acid,chlorogenic acid,isochlorogenic acid A,isochlorogenic acid B and isochlorogenic acid C were compared with the results of the external standard method.The results showed that the multi-index quantitative fingerprint method can be used to evaluate the quality of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos.3.Detection of pesticides,heavy metals and sulfur dioxide residues in 13 batches of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos in three main producing areasThe detection results of 50 pesticide residues show that: Five out of six batches of samples were detected in Shandong area,one out of five batches in henan and two out of two batches in Hebei area.Pesticide residues included difenoconazole,chlorpyrifos,phorate,isofenphos-methyl,bifenthrin,cyfluthrin and beta-cyfluthrin,cypermethrin and beta-cypermethrin,omethoate.The determination of heavy metal showed that five batches of samples from shandong and two batches from henan exceeded the limit of cadmium.Two batches of mercury elements in Shandong samples exceeded the limit.No sulfur dioxide residue was detected in 13 batches of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos.The problems of pesticide residues and heavy metals in Lonicerae Japonicae Flos are worthy of in-depth analysis and exploration.4.Optimize extraction process of the anti-virus in Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and differences in antiviral activity of different batches of Lonicerae Japonicae FlosThrough single factor test,the best extraction process of antiviral components of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos was determined: the medicinal powder was screened by pharmacopoeia no.3(50 mesh),and 10 times of pure water was used for ultrasonic extraction for 50 min.The antiviral activity of extracts from Lonicerae Japonicae Flos from different batches was compared(expressed by the inhibition rate of neuraminidase).Meanwhile,the antiviral activity of the extracts from Lonicerae Japonicae Flos were screened,providing a basis for the in-depth study of the antiviral activity.5.HPLC fingerprint and chemometrics were used to evaluate the quality of Lonicerae Japonicae FlosSimilarity evaluation,cluster analysis and principal component analysis were carried out on the fingerprints of 13 batches of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos.The similarity results showed that the similarity of 13 batches of flos lonicerae could reach above 0.95.The results of cluster analysis and principal component analysis combined with "one measurement and multiple evaluation" showed that the quality of fenqiu-baked goods,xinmi wild-baked goods and sun-dried goods in henan,xinmi big-hairy flowers-baked goods in henan and jilu-baked goods in hebei was better,and the quality of other producing areas was better,which could be used to evaluate the quality of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos.In this paper,the key links of the harvesting and processing of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos were systematically studied,and the microwave drying process was optimized.HPLC fingerprint was established and the contents of five kinds of Caffeoylquinic acid in Lonicerae Japonicae Flos were simultaneously determined.The 50 pesticide residues,5 heavy metals and sulfur dioxide residues of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos were determined and the risk assessment was carried out.The quality was evaluated by combining the antiviral activity and chemometrics of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos. |
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