| Objective:A birth cohort was established for pregnant couples from two Zhuang populations in Debao County and Long'an County in Guangxi.Collect general information of pregnant women and physical exercise during pregnancy.And to investigate the current status of pregnant women participating in physical exercise during pregnancy,and to analyze the effects of exercise activity on birth outcomes.Further explore the relationship between the exercise activity and neonatal telomere length by detecting the relative telomere length of neonatal cord blood.Methods:A population-based birth cohort was established,This study selected Debao County and Long'an County of Guangxi Province as Research area,where Zhuang people gathered.The couples who establish a“perinatal health handbook”were recruited from Maternal&Child Health Hospitals and People's Hospitals in Debao County and Long'an County.A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect basic demographic data of pregnant couples,past history,and environmental exposure data during first trimester,and the situation of participation in physical exercise during pregnancy.The results of the antenatal visits were collected and follow up their birth outcomes and general neonatal status.Collect newborn cord blood and the average relative telomere length was detected by qPCR.SPSS22.0 software were used for statistical analysis.Results:1215 cases with single-born live birth were included for statistical analysis.The average age of pregnant women is 28.47 years(28.47±5.24),of which the youngest pregnant woman was 15 years old and the maximum age was44 years;the average age of spouses was 31.43 years(31.43±5.80),the minimum age was 17 years,and the maximum age was 54 years;pregnant women BMI mean(20.37±2.57)Kg/m~2;pregnant women accounted for 57.3%of non-fixed workers,42.7%with a job;42.2%were primipara;the average hemoglobin during maternity period was(112.78±12.03)g/L.There were 295 mild anemia pregnant women,accounting for 24.3%,155 pregnant women with moderately or severe anemia,accounting for 12.8%;the average BMI of the spouses was(22.28±1.99)kg/m~2.Among the neonates,the average gestational age was(38.60±1.45)weeks,there were 63 premature infants,accounting for 5.2%;the cesarean section accounted for 28.9%;the male infants accounted for 53.0%;The average birth weight was(3115.5±434.09)g,SGA accounted for 14.6%,LGA accounted for4.9%;the average length of birth was(50.34±1.99)cm,the maximum length was58cm,the minimum length was 32cm.There were 591 pregnant women who had regular physical exercise activities within the pregnancy,accounting for 48.6%;Among them,392 pregnant women(32.3%)had reached the recommended exercise standard,and 16.4%of pregnant women had regular exercise but did not meet the recommendation;The most common types of exercise activities for pregnant women are walking,accounting for 44.5%,Secondly,the type of physical exercise that pregnant women participate in is badminton,jogging,square dance,etc.46.7%of pregnant women only participated in a type of sports,and 1.9%of pregnant women participated in two or more types of sports;29.4%of pregnant women participate in exercise more than 5 times a week;13.3%of pregnant women participate in exercise 3 to 4 times a week;5.9%of pregnant women participate in exercise 1 or 2 times a week;14.2%of pregnant women had an average duration of 1h or more per exercise,34.8%of pregnant women exercise each time between 30~59min,1.9%of pregnant women each exercise duration between 0~29min.There was no difference in gestational weeks,the rate of preterm births,mode of delivery,among different levels of exercise activity group(all P>0.05).Univariate analysis found that there were statistically significant differences in birth weight,length and birth weight Z scores among the three groups of pregnant women(all P<0.05).Further multiple linear regression analysis showed a significant relationship between exercise during pregnancy and birth weight and height growth of newborns.A total of 981cases of the above-mentioned 1215 cases were successfully collected cord blood samples and the corresponding relative telomere length was measured.46 cases with abnormal telomeres were excluded and finally 935 cases were included for analysis.After being stratified according to pregnant women's occupation,pregnant women who are unemployed during pregnancy,The neonatal relative telomere length in the non-exercise group was(1.067±0.311),not reached the recommendation group was(1.134±0.297),reaching recommendation group was(1.138±0.316),there were significant differences between the three groups,the comparison between the two groups showed that the telomere length of newborns in the recommendation group was greater than that of non-exercised group(P=0.018).Among pregnant women who are unemployed during pregnancy,multiple linear regression analysis suggests that participate in certain physical exercise in pregnancy were associated with longer neonatal telomere lengths.Conclusion:Pregnancy exercise may promote the growth of newborns'birth weight and height,which is beneficial to the intrauterine growth of newborns,and provide scientific basis and reference for following domestic guidelines of exercise in pregnancy.It was initially found among pregnant women who have no job during pregnancy.Participation in certain exercise during pregnancy is associated with longer telomere length,suggesting that exercise during pregnancy is beneficial to maintain the initial length of telomeres.This will provide basis and clues for further study on fetal programming of telomere biology hypothesis and the regulation mechanism of telomere length. |
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