The Relationship Between The Biological Rhythm Of Daily Life,Malnutrition And Depression Among The Community Elderly

ObjectiveThe study aimed to translate the English version of the Biosocial Rhythms of Daily Living Questionnaire into Chinese,and to test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Biosocial Rhythms of Daily Living Questionnaire.And to analyze the present situation and influence factors of the biological rhythm of daily life,malnutrition and depression among the elderly.To explore the relationship between biological rhythm of daily life,malnutrition and depression.And to provide reference for preventing and alleviating depression in the elderly and to improve their mental health.MethodsIn this study,420 community elderly people in Jinzhou City,Liaoning Province were surveyed by convenience sampling.The general demographic characteristics,biological rhythm of daily life,malnutrition and depression of the elderly were investigated by using general information questionnaire,Chinese version of daily living biological rhythm questionnaire,Chinese version of the Nutritional Form for the Elderly and Simple version of the Center for Epidemiological Survey Depression Scale.The BRDL was translated into Chinese with the Brislin translation method.SPSS23.0 software and AMOS17.0 software were used to process the data.The statistical methods included internal consistency analysis,factor analysis,descriptive statistics,t-test and variance analysis,Pearson correlation analysis,multiple linear regression analysis,structural equation model and Bootstrap method.Results1?Reliability and validity of translation scale1.1 ValidityThe content validity index(S-CVI)of scale level was 0.875,the(S-CVI/Ave)was 0.979,and the content validity index(l-CVI)of item level was from 0.833 to 1.000.The average score of each item in the low group and the high group reached a significant level(P<0.05).The correlation coefficient of item-total score was 0.248-0.569.Five common factors were extracted by EFA,and the cumulative contribution rate of variance was 52.527%.The load value of each item factor was>0.4,and the commonality was 0.236?0.663.The confirmatory factor analysis showed that ?2/df=1.934,GFI=0.951,AGFI=0.927,IFI=0.906,TLI=0.872,CFI=0.903,RMSEA=0.048,and RMR=0.021.Referring to the model adaptation standard,the model had a good fit.1.2?Reliability:The Cronbach'a of BRDL-CHI was 0.732,the split-half Cronbach'a was 0.677,and the retest reliability was 0.803.2?Scores and influencing factors of each scale:The score of BRDL-CHI,NUFFE-CHI and CESD-10 were(20.31±4.73)?(5.04±3.27)and(4.78±3.94).There was significant difference in the scores of malnutrition and depression among different physical exercise and chronic diseases(P<0.05).There was significant difference in the scores of biological rhythm,malnutrition and depression among different monthly income(P<0.05),and there was significant difference in the scores of biological rhythm among different marital status factors(P<0.05).3?The correlation analysis of biological rhythm of daily life,malnutrition and depression:There was a negative correlation between biological rhythm of daily life and malnutrition,depression(r=-0.237,P<0.01;r=-0.214,P<0.01).Malnutrition was positively related to depression(r=0.471,P<0.01).4?The results of multivariate linear regression analysis showed that biological rhythm of daily life had a negative predictor on depression(?=-0.203,t=-4.123,P=0.000)and malnutrition(?=-0.209,t=-4.299,P=0.000).The biological rhythm of daily life(?=-0.113,t=-2.480,P=0.013)and malnutrition(?=0.428,t=9.270,P=0.000)can significantly predict depression.5?The results of SME showed that ?2/df=1.630,GFI=0.972,AGFI=0.953,IFI=0.957,TLI=0.938,CFI=0.956,RMSEA=0.040.Referring to the model adaptation standard,the model had a good fit.The total effect of biological rhythm of daily life on depression was-0.224,the direct effect was-0.114,the indirect effect was-0.110,and the mediating effect accounted for 49.1%of the total effect(0.110/0.224).Conclusion1?The Chinese version of BRDL had good reliability and validity.2?The malnutrition level and depression level of the elderly who often take part in physical exercise and do not suffer from chronic diseases are lower.The biological rhythm of daily life of the elderly with high monthly income is better and the level of malnutrition and depression is lower.The biological rhythm of daily life of the elderly whose spouse is alive is better.3?There was a significant correlation between the biological rhythm of daily life,malnutrition and depression in the elderly.4?The biological rhythm of daily life has a negative predictive effect on depression and malnutrition,and malnutrition was positive predict factor of depression.5?Malnutrition was a mediating variable between daily life Biorhythm and depression.Biorhythm could not only directly affect the depression of the elderly but also indirectly affect the depression of the elderly by affecting malnutrition.