Expression Of ECRG4 In Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma And Its Significance

Background and significance:Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is the most common malignant tumor in oral and maxillofacial region,accounting for more than 90%of oral and maxillofacial malignancies.OSCC usually occurs in the middle-aged and elderly population.The location of the disease is more common in the tongue,cheeks,and gums.It is prone to cervical lymph nodes and distant metastasis in the late stage.The increasing incidence and high mortality rate of OSCC has made it a malignant tumor that seriously threatens human health and has become an increasingly serious worldwide problem.At present,the molecular biological mechanism of OSCC is still unclear.With the development of genetic engineering,studies have confirmed that related oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes play an important role in the occurrence and development of OSCC.The Cancer Research Institute of Union Medical University first discovered Esophageal cancer related gene 4(ECRG4)in normal esophageal tissue and identified and registered it.ECRG4 is highly expressed in esophageal tissue,but it is.down-regulated in expression of esophageal cancer,and even expression is absent.It is presumed that it has a tumor suppressing effect.Many subsequent studies have confirmed this view,so ECRG4 has become a recognized Candidate tumor suppressor genes are receiving more and more attention.At present,the expression of ECRG4 in oral normal tissues and OSCC has not been reported at home and abroad.Objective:.To compare expression levels of ECRG4 in normal oral tissues,OSCC tissues in different degrees of differentiation and corresponding adjacent tissues and analyze its significance.Then,it is necessary to explore the role of this gene in the occurrence,development,diagnosis and treatments of OSCC.Methods:In this experiment,30 cases of OSCC(12 cases were highly differentiated,12 cases were moderately differentiated and 6 cases were poorly differentiated according to the degree of tumor differentiation)and 30 cases of paracancerous tissues(less than 3cm from the primary lesions)were selected as experimental groups and 10 cases of normal oral mucosal epithelial tissues were used as the control group,which were all stained by immunohistochemical staining to detect the expression of ECRG4 in different tissues.Then,SPSS24.0 was used to perform statistical analysis and the differences between groups were analyzed by x2.P<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.The correlation between the expression of ECRG4 and the development of OSCC was explored.Results:1.ECRG4 was highly expressed in normal oral mucosa tissues,and showed low expression or loss of expression in OSCC and corresponding adjacent tissues with statistical significance(P<0.05).2.The expression of ECRG4 was positively correlated with the differentiation of OSCC.The lower the differentiation of OSCC,the more obvious the down-regulation of ECRG4 expression(P<0.05).3.The expression level of ECRG4 was not related to gender and age(P>0.05).Conclusion:ECRG4 is highly expressed in normal oral tissues,low expression in OSCC tissues and corresponding adjacent tissues.Its expression level was positively correlated with the differentiation of OSCC,that is,The lower the differentiation of OSCC,the higher the degree of malignancy,the more obvious the down-regulation of ECRG4 expression.Therefore,it is inferred that the down-regulation of ECRG4 expression may be related to the occurrence and development of OSCC.ECRG4 may be a marker for the diagnosis and the degree of differentiation of OSCC in the furture,which provides a new idea for the early diagnosis and treatment of OSCC.