| Objectives:Feibi was first recorded in the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)literature<Huangdi Neijing>and discussed in the later literatures.In this study,the concepts of Feibi were illustrated objectively,so were the evolution and development of the etiology and pathogenesis of Feibi.Furthermore,the compatible principles and application characteristics of the prescriptions in treating Feibi were analyzed using traditional literature research methods and classic data mining methods,which provided basis of fundamental theoretical research and new clinical thought of TCM in the diagnosis and treatment of Feibi.Methods:1.Related treatises of Feibi in ancient Chinese medical literatures were collected and sorted out.The characteristics of Feibi were investigated with traditional literature research method,including the etiology,pathogenesis,syndrome patterns,therapeutic method and prescriptions.2.Relevant discussions about Feibi in modern literatures were collected to analyze the disease spectrum of modern clinical Feibi.And related researches about Feibi by modern clinician according to the disease spectrum were listed and sorted out.3.According to the characteristics of TCM data and based on the classic data mining method,the medication features of both ancient and modern doctors were compared and analyzed by the method of frequent itemset;herbal pairs of closed compatible relations from prescriptions of Feibi were sought out using frequently associated methods;the nature and flavor of the herbs from prescriptions in treating Feibi were analyzed with the method of corresponding analysis;the corresponding characteristics of herbal effect as well as nature and flavor were displayed graphically.Results:1.According to the collation and analysis of ancient literature,the theory of Feibi is originated from<Neijing>and had rich theoretical foundation in the Qin and Han dynasties.Among the Jin,Sui and Tang dynasties,doctors mainly focused on the theory that emphasized the role of insufficiency viscera in the occurrence and development of Feibi.From the period of Song,Jin and Yuan dynasties,the syndrome and therapeutic principles of Feibi tended to be systematic and comprehensive with a great development of the treatment and prescriptions.In the Ming and Qing dynasties,many new ideas were put forward by the doctors,especially the contribution of the fever-infected doctors to the development of the theory of Fei bi.2.A total of 336 literatures about Feibi with 6152 cases included were collected from CNKI,Weipu and Wanfang databases between 1957 and 2018.It was found that ancient Feibi referred to around 15 kinds of modern diseases on clinic,including interstitial lung disease,upper respiratory tract infection,pneumonia,bronchitis,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,asthma,cough,epidemic encephalitis and its complications,respiratory failure,pleurisy,pulmonary edema,lung cancer,chronic cor pulmonale,pulmonary embolism,antral gastritis with postoperative constipation,pyloric spasm,appendix ancd multiple nerve root inflammation.Interstitial diseases took the highest proportion in terms of the reported literature counts and the number of cases.According to the frequency of reported literatures,interstitial lung disease can be further subdivided into the following diseases,ordered as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis,pulmonary fibrosis,connective tissue disease related interstitial lung disease,interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology,pneumoconiosis,radioactive pneumonia,SARS pulmonary fibrosis,nonspecific interstitial pineumonia,and alveolar protein deposition disease.3.A total of 512 prescriptions in treating Feibi from ancient and modern literatures were collected,including 60 ancient prescriptions and 452 modern prescriptions.A total of 391 herbs were involved with 150 herbs from the ancient prescription and 355 herbs from the modern prescriptions.The high frequency herbs,herbal pairs and groups from ancient and modern prescriptions were compared and analyzed.It was found out that the herb with the highest support degree in ancient prescriptions was almond,while the drug with the highest support degree in modern prescriptions was licorice.Herbs with high support degree above 0.3 in ancient prescriptions were almond and licorice,while in modern prescriptions were licorice,astragalus,fritillaria,almond and salvia miltiorrhiza.Through the analysis of high-frequency herbs and chi-square test results,it was found out that ancient doctors often chose herbs with the function of resolving phlegm,suppressing cough,relieving asthma and tonifying qi when treating Feibi,such as almond,trichosanthis,radix platycodonis,ginseng,etc.,while modern doctors mainly used herbs additionally to promote blood circulation,prevent blood stasis and nourish Yin,such as salvia miltiorrhiza,angelica,radix ophiopogon,etc.The nature and flavor of the herbs from ancient and modern prescriptions in treating Feibi were mainly characterized by bitterness,mild,salty and cold.Conclusion:The theory of Feibi developed from the Qin and Han dynasties to the Ming and Qing dynasties.Feibi is a disease concept in TCM,involving interstitial pulmonary disease,upper respiratory infection-pneumonia-bronchitis,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,asthma,cough and other diseases in modern medicine.Through data mining and statistical methods,it illustrates that ancient doctors often used herbs to relieve phlegm,cough and asthma as well as to tonify qi in treating Feibi,while modern doctors used herbs to promote blood circulation,remove blood stasis and nourish Yin additionally.High-frequency herbs and herbal groups showed obvious differences from ancient and modern prescriptions.The above results provided objective proof for the basic theory research of prescriptions in treating Feibi and the applications on clinic. |
PDF Full Text Request