Investigation And Analysis Of Risk Factors For Hip Fracture In The Elderly Of A Three Grade A Hospital In Qigihar

Objective:To understand the situation and risk factors of hip fracture in the elderly in a third-class Hospital of Qiqihar,so as to take targeted measures to prevent hip fracture in the elderly,reduce the incidence of hip fracture in the elderly,and provide basis for clinical prevention and quality.Methods:To choose 248 elderly hip fracture patients aged 60 or above in the Department of orthopedics of a tertiary hospital in Qiqihar were selected as the observation group from March 2017 to March 2018,248.All the observed subjects met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.At the same time,248 elderly people who had undergone physical examination in the same period were selected as the control group.The general data of sex,age,female menstrual history,family history of fracture,education level,family income per capita,height,weight,blood pressure,bone mineral density,living conditions,labor intensity,smoking or passive smoking,drinking alcohol,drinking tea,and so on were collected.Dietary habits,exercise,season,dosage of calcium or vitamin supplements,occurrence of basic diseases(diabetes,thyroid disease,etc.),dietary status and other information were compared between the two groups of observers,and the risk factors of hip fracture in the elderly were analyzed.Results:1.The general of 496 cases of elderly hip fracture 32.86% of the subjects were male and 67.14% were female.The age range was 60~87 years old with an average age of(67.32±5.13)years.All the subjects were Han nationality.The height was155~180cm,and the average height was(167.71± 6.88)cm.The body weight was53~85kg,and the average weight was(71.04±6.20)kg.The BMI index is18.83~33.71 cm,and the average BMI index is(25.35±2.75)cm.The registered permanent residence of all the subjects: 48.99% of the town and 51.01% of the ruralarea.Educational level: 42.34% of junior middle school students and below,51.41%of secondary school and college,6.25% of undergraduate course.Vocations: 38.71%of workers,50.00% of farmers,0.81% of commercial service personnel,4.03% of cadres and staff,5.01% of household workers,0.81% of medical staff and 0.60% of teachers.Marital status: married 73.39%,widowed 25.20% and unmarried 1.41%.Household monthly income: 800-1999 yuan accounted for 35.89%,2000-4999 yuan accounted for 57.86%,3000-7999 yuan accounted for 6.25%.Smoking accounted for45.77% and drinking history accounted for 54.23%.Fracture history accounted for18.75%,and osteoporosis history accounted for 45.36%.2.Compare of the observation group and the control group The difference of ex,weight,BMI,marital status,occupation,residence,smoking history,drinking history was statistically significant(P < 0.05).There was no significant difference of age,height,education level and per capita monthly income between the two groups(P >0.05).3.The fracture history and exercise situation comparison of the two groups The difference of observation object fracture history,osteoporosis history,labor intensity,physical exercise frequency and physical exercise was statistically significant(P< 0.05).4.Compared of the dietary status of the two groups The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the two groups in yoghurt and coffee consumption(P > 0.05).5.Compared of the basic diseases of the two groups The difference of hypertension,coronary heart disease,diabetes,rheumatoid arthritis,hyperthyroidism,asthma,chronic liver disease,chronic kidney disease,Parkinson's disease,cataract situation was statistically significant(P < 0.05).The difference of glaucoma for two groupswas statistically significant(P > 0.05).6.Compared of the drug of the two groups The difference antiepileptic drugs,anticoagulants,thyroid hormones,glucocorticoids,sedative hypnotics,other drugs was statistically significant(P < 0.05).7.Compared of the calcium supplements of the two groups The difference of bisphosphate,estrogen and progesterone,calcitonin,estrogen receptor modulator,active vitamin D,fluoride,anti-osteoporosis Chinese medicine,other drugs use was statistically significant(P < 0.05).8.Compared of the female fertility and related disease history situation of thetwo groups There was no significant difference.menarche age,childbearing age(P>0.05).The difference of the age of menopause,the number of births,hysterectomy,ovariectomy were compared between the two groups was statistically significant(P <0.05).9.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors affecting hip fracture in elderly men included: smoking history,drinking history,labor intensity,and protective factors including: fracture history,oral calcium tablets.Risk factors affecting hip fracture in elderly women include: smoking history,drinking history,history of osteoporosis,labor intensity,drinking tea drinks;protective factors include:physical exercise,drinking milk and oral calcium tablets.Risk factors affecting hip fracture in the elderly include: other occupations(commercial services,cadre staff,housework,medical staff,teachers),smoking history,drinking history,osteoporosis,labor intensity and drinking tea;protection factors include: gender,physical exercise frequency,drinking milk,oral calcium tablets.Conclusion:1.Risk factors affecting hip fracture in elderly men include: smoking history,drinking history,labor intensity,protective factors including: fracture history,oral calcium tablets.2.Risk factors affecting hip fracture in elderly women include: smoking history,drinking history,history of osteoporosis,labor intensity,drinking tea drinks;protective factors include: physical exercise,drinking milk and oral calcium tablets.3.Risk factors affecting hip fracture in the elderly include: other occupations(commercial services,cadre staff,housework,medical staff,teachers),smoking history,drinking history,osteoporosis,labor intensity and drinking tea;protection factors include: gender,physical exercise frequency,drinking milk,oral calcium tablets.