| Objectives1.To understand the demographic characteristics of pregnant women and their spouses and the status of infant feeding attitudes.2.To explore the influencing factors of infant feeding intention of pregnant women.3.To explore the relationship between infant feeding attitude and quality of life in pregnant women based on structural equation model and to identify the influencing factors of infant feeding attitude.MethodsFrom October 2016 to June 2017,the 280 pregnant women taking prenatal examination were selected from a Class III Grade I hospital obstetrics outpatient clinic as research objects by using convenience sampling method,and investigated by basic status questionnaire,simplified Chinese version of the Iowa Infant Attitude Scale(IIFAS)and Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire(SF-36)to assess social demographic characteristics of pregnant women,infant feeding attitude and quality of life respectively by using cross-sectional design.The study was an investigative research.A sample of 280 pregnant women and their spouses with antenatal examination were recruited from Tianjin central hospital of gynecology obstetrics in October 2016 to June 2017,according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria by convenience sampling method.After obtaining the informed consent,the researchers introduced the purpose,questionnaire filling methods and announcements of the research to pregnant women and their spouses in detail,then completed the investigation of the data.This study used general data questionnaire and Infant Feeding Attitude Scale(the Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale,IIFAS)to investigate general information and infant feeding attitudes of pregnant women and their spouses.This study also used Health Survey profiles(36-Item Short-Form the Health Survey,SF-36)to investigate the quality of life of pregnant women.Data were entered and analyzed using the Analysis Moment Structures software and statistical software IBM SPSS 22.The measurement data are described by meansof the mean and/or standard deviation,and the frequency and percentage are used to describe the counting data.The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to evaluate the internal consistency of the validity of the infant feeding attitude scale for pregnant women,spouses and the whole population.T-test and one-way anova were used to analyze the statistical differences between breastfeeding attitude of pregnant women and spouses and general data variables.Correlation analysis was used to determine the correlation between pregnant women and spouses of infant feeding attitude.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of pregnant feeding intention.The influence factors of infant feeding attitude were explored through structural equation model.Results1.Analysis of infant feeding attitude scoreThe total score of infant feeding attitude in pregnant women was 45 ~ 78,with an average(59.37±5.66).The average score of breastfeeding is 30.78±4.3 and the average score of milk feeding is 28.54±3.76.The item with the highest average was "Breastfeeding makes mothers more intimate.",which is 4.33±0.73 on average.The lowest item was "occasional drinking unsuitable for breastfeeding" which is2.01±0.51 on average.Compared with the pregnant women and spouse of each item of breastfeeding attitude score,item 3 " Breastfeeding makes mothers more intimate",item 13 " Breastfeeding is more easily absorbed" and item 16 " breastfeeding is cheaper " score difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05).Compared with the pregnant women and spouse of each item of milk feeding attitude score,item 6 " Milk is good for mother's recovery ",item 8 " Breastfeeding is not recommended in public" and item 11 " Breastfeeding makes a father feel abandoned" score difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05).2.Comparison of IIFAS total scores of pregnant women and spouses of social demographic factorsIIFAS total score of different residence,occupation,family income,education degree,maternity leave,whether accept breastfeeding education and determine the timing of infant feeding was statistically significant(P < 0.05).There was a statistically significant difference in IIFAS(P < 0.05)between different residence,monthly income of the family and determine the timing of infant feeding.There was a statistically significant difference between the postpartum feeding schedule of the pregnant women and their spouses in the hospital and the IIFAS total of the feeding program in the weeks after delivery(P < 0.05).3.Internal consistency analysis of IIFAS in pregnant women,spouses and total samplesThe Cronbach's coefficient of the pregnant woman was 0.706,and the Cronbach's coefficient of the spouse was 0.827,and the Cronbach's coefficient of the total sample was 0.768 in the study.4.Correlation analysis of IIFAS scores between pregnant women and their spousesThere was a moderate correlation between pregnant women and IIFAS scores(r=0.517,P < 0.05).5.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis of infant feeding intentions of pregnant womenOccupation(OR = 2.864,95% CI = 1.02 ~ 8.043,P < 0.05),planned pregnancy(OR = 2.169,95% CI = 1.03 ~ 4.566,P < 0.05),breastfeeding education(OR = 2.061,95% CI = 1.061 ~ 4.003,P < 0.05),maternal infant feeding attitude score(OR =1.328,95% CI = 1.203 ~ 1.466,P < 0.05),spouses infant feeding attitude score(OR =1.091,95% CI = 1.015 ~ 1.173,P < 0.05)were risk factors for feeding intentions in postpartum hospital.Pregnant women occupation(OR = 5.961,95% CI = 2.033 ~17.478,P < 0.05),parity(OR = 2.884,95% CI = 1.408 ~ 5.91,P < 0.05),breastfeeding education(OR = 2.32,95% CI = 1.159 ~ 4.642,P < 0.05),maternal infant feeding attitude score(OR = 1.152,95% CI = 1.065 ~ 1.246,P < 0.05),spouses infant feeding attitude score(OR = 1.065,95% CI = 0.992 ~ 1.143,P < 0.05)were risk factors for feeding intentions in the weeks after giving birth hospital.6.Model construction of relationship between infant feeding attitude,quality of life and social demographyStructural equation model demonstrated that better quality of life,higher income levels,planned pregnancy,breastfeeding experience,breastfeeding education during pregnancy and higher education levels were positively correlated with infant feeding attitude(P<0.05).There was no significant difference of IIFAS scores amongpregnant women with different age,residence,marital status,occupation and parity(P>0.05).Conclusions1.The infant feeding attitude scale had a high internal consistency,the pregnant women and their spouses had good attitudes towards feeding,which were at a moderate level.2.There was a significant correlation between maternal occupation,planned pregnancy,breast-feeding education,pregnancy and infant feeding attitudes of pregnant women and their spouses and the intention of breastfeeding of pregnant women.In practice,community health service personnel should pay attention to the reasons why pregnant women choose artificial feeding intention,timely plan and implement intervention measures to promote breastfeeding behavior.3.The maternal women had a better infant feeding attitude.Better quality of life,higher income levels,planned pregnancy,breastfeeding experience,breastfeeding education during pregnancy and higher education levels were main influencing factors of infant feeding attitude in pregnant women.In clinical health education,we should strengthen effective breastfeeding education to pregnant women in prenatal period,improve quality of life and develop their positive infant feeding attitude to increase the rate of breastfeeding. |
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