A Case-control Study On Influencing Factors Of Children's Dental Fluorosis

Objective:Analyzing the differences in family status,oral hygiene habits,dietary habits,and nutritional status among children with fluorosis teeth and non-fluorescing dental teeth,and discussing the influencing factors of the incidence of fluorosis in children in low water fluoride area.Providing scientific advice for the prevention of fluorosis in children.Method:1.A1:1 case-control study was conducted in Qingfeng County,Henan Province from May 2017 to June 2017.One-hundred dental fluorosis children and One-hundred non-dental fluorosis children(50%male and 50%female)with the same age,sex,and drinking fluoride in the fluorosis village,in which drinking water improvement measures had been implemented for more than five years,were selected as the study subjects.2.Investigators come to conduct surveys with questionnaires.The questionnaire information includes the basic situation of the children's family,children's daily oral health care habits and parents Knowledge of fluorosis dental health knowledge,family eating habits.3.A total of 30 pairs of children from 100 pairs who have been paired were selected for a three-day(two working days plus one rest day)dietary survey and drinking water survey to collect all three days of food and records for informantion of the drinking water in three days.4.Set up the database with EpiData3.1,use SPSS22.0 for statistical analysis,use the chi-square test to make up the difference between the indexes,use the Fisher's exact probability method when the chi-square test is not satisfied.The paired t-test was used to compare the daily total fluoride intake and daily nutrient intake between the fluorosis group and the control group.Multivariate conditional logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors.The inspection level is 0.05.Result:1.There is a statistically significant difference in the occupational distribution of the mothers in the case group and the control group.Among the control group,the percentage of the mothers who are farmers(78.0%)is higher than that of the case group(64.0%).2.More than 50%of the parents of the surveyed children graduated from junior high school,and less than 10%of them have high school education or above.There was a statistically significant difference in the educational qualifications of fathers in case and control groups.3.Among children who used fluoride toothpaste,the frequency of brushing in children in the case group was higher than in the control group.There was a statistical difference between the two groups.The use of parental adult toothpaste and toothbrushes by the two groups of children in daily life is also common,and the use rate is over 70%.4.Children's parents have generally lower scores on the health knowledge of dental fluorosis and lack of knowledge.5.The dietary survey showed that the proportion of vegetables and eggs in the two groups of children was very high.In the control group,the number of children who had consumed meat food within 3 days was higher than that of the fluorosis group,and the difference was statistically significant.6.The intake levels of zinc,selenium,calcium,and vitamin C in the dietary nutrients of the two groups of children were low.Daily intake of dietary nutrients in children with fluorosis compared with children in the control group were lower in protein,calcium,phosphorus,magnesium,iron,zinc,copper,and vitamin C.Selenium was higher than that of the control group.The phosphorus intake was 0.027 compared with the P value,which was statistically significant.7.The single factor analysis of dietary nutrients and dental fluorosis showed that there was a statistically significant difference in the composition ratio of dietary nutrient protein and dietary magnesium>RNI in the case group.8.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that frequent water loss in households is a harmful factor and dietary magnesium was a protective factor for children' fluorosis.Conclusion:1.Centralized water supply often stop water and use of well water and the children using fluoride toothpaste lead to increased fluoride intake,which are important risk factors for the incidence of fluorosis.2.Adequate dietary protein and dietary magnesium intake are protective factors for the onset of dental fluorosis in children.