The Relationship Between Nutrition And Preeclampsia: A Case-control Study

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between dietary habits,dietary intake,serum biochemical indicators and the occurrence of preeclampsia(PE),and to provide the theoretical bases for guiding the rational diet during pregnancy,correcting bad habits and preventing the occurrence of PE.MethodsThe data of 167 cases of PE and 167 controls of pregnant women with normal blood pressure,which were delivery in the same month,matched ±2 age,±3 weeks with the case group were collected from March to December of 2016 at the department of obstetrics,the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University.The demographic data,the dietary intake of the recent three months,and the serum biochemical indicators of the cases and the controls were collected by use of self-designed questionnaire of health risk factors.The Epidata3.1 was used to setting up database,and the SPSS17.0 was used for statistic analysis.The statistically significant level was ?=0.05.Results1.There were significant differences in gestational weeks,height,the prepregnancy BMI,the gestational weight gain(including the first,second and the third trimester of pregnancy),parity,gravidity,family history of hypertension,educational level and preference between the control and the case group(P<0.05).After using the non-conditional logistic regression analysis,we found that the pre-pregnancy BMI [OR=1.28(95%CI1.13~1.45)],gravidity [OR=0.33(95%CI0.17~0.68)],family history of hypertension [OR=2.30(95%CI1.31~4.04)] and educational level [OR=0.38(95% CI0.20~0.73)] were related to the risk of PE.2.The intakes of food and nutrients in the case group were generally lower than that of in the control group,especially the intakes of potato,fruits,poultry meat,protein,various kinds of vitamins and minerals,which were significant differences(P<0.05).After using the logistic regression analysis,we found the intakes of potato [OR=0.86(95%CI0.75~0.98)],poultry meat [OR=0.86(95%CI 0.75~0.99)],vitamin C [OR=0.87(95%CI0.75~0.99)] and zinc [OR=0.67(95%CI 0.48~0.93)] could be protective factors of PE.3.The scores of dietary quality index-international(DQI-I)in two groups were low,and the scores of the case group was lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).After using the logistic regression analysis,we found that the DQI-I scores could be a protective factor of PE [OR=0.82(95%CI0.71~0.96)].4.There were also significant differences in serum biochemical indicators between the two groups(P<0.05),and the result of the logistic regression analysis showed that the concentration of serum albumin [OR=0.40(95%CI0.26~0.63)],potassium [OR=1.48(95%CI1.20~1.81)],magnesium [OR=1.24(95%CI1.08~1.41)] and hemoglobin [OR=2.26(95%CI1.71~2.99)] was related to the risk of PE.Conclusions1.Pre-pregnancy BMI and family history of hypertension could be risk factors of PE,while the gravidity?3 and the educational level could be protective factors of PE.2.The intakes of potato,poultry meat,vitamin C and zinc could be protective factors of PE.3.The scores of the DQI-I could be a protective factor of PE.4.The concentration of serum potassium,magnesium and hemoglobin could be risk factors of PE,while the concentration of serum albumin could be a protective factor of PE.