Effects Of Music Therapy On Anhedonia In Major Depressive Disorder

Objective:Anhedonia is a core symptom of major depressive disorder,which is described as the diminished motivation and sensitivity to rewarding experiences.Anhedonia might be the most possible endophenotype of depression and is a prominent feature that is involved in several types of psychiatric disorders.Treadway and his colleagues redefined the definition as anhedonia contains two components:anticipatory anhedonia and consummatory anhedonia.Anhedonia offen means poor therapeutic effect,which is lack of effective solution.Recently,music therapy get more attention due to its benefits,such as no side effects and good long-term efficacy.Listening to music,which is a non-pharmacological method,might reduce depression.Intense pleasure in response to music can lead to dopamine release in the striatal system,the dopamaine was related to reward processing.Anhedonia is a core feature of reward deficits.The aim of the study was to examine the effect of music on anhedonia levels in patients with depressive disorder.The current study would be applied in the clinical treatment of subtypes.Method:Event-related potentials and psychological measurements were used in our study.All participants are patients with depressive disorder,randomly distributed into two groups,i.e.control group and experimental group.The participants in experimental group were given treatment with conventional drugs and music for a month.There were three kinds of music:New age music?classical music and folk music.Patients listened to preferred style of music every day for a month.Each session lasted for 30 minutes.The three different types of music were carefully selected by the research team to have characteristic of 60-80beats/minute without accented beats,percussive characteristics or syncopetion.The participants in control group were given treatment with conventional drugs for a month.Participants were assessed according to four scales before the treatment?a month later and five months later(27 participants in experimental group and 23 participants in control group).The four scales were HAMA?HAMD?SHAPS and TEPS,the SHAPS and TEPS scales were used to assess the anhedonia.Participants were needed to finish the Gambling Task and recorded the EEG before treatment and a month later.P300 and FRN were defined as the signals of anticipatory and consummatory of reward.We compared the amplitudes of P300 and FRN in both groups(15 participants in experimental group and 13 participants in control group).SPSS 16.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis,employing the repeated measurement anova and independent sample t-test statistical methods.Results:Psychological measurements results:Before the treatment:there were no statistically significant difference between experimental group and control group in all scales(ps>0.05).A month later:the scores on HAMA?HAMD?SHAPS?TEPS-ant?TEPS-con were all statistically significant difference with the baseline(ps<0.05),there were no statistically significant difference between groups(ps>0.05).Five months later:the scores of experimental group on HAMA?HAMD?SHAPS?TEPS-ant were statistically significant difference with when a month(ps<0.05),the scores of control group on HAMA?HAMD?SHAPS?TEPS-ant were no statistically significant difference with when a month(ps>0.05),there were statistically significant difference between groups(ps<0.05);the scores of experimental group on TEPS-con were statistically significant difference with when a month(p<0.05),the scores of control group on TEPS-con were no statistically significant difference with when a month(p>0.05),there were no statistically significant difference between groups(p>0.05).ERP data results:Before the treatment,there were no statistically significant difference between experimental group and control group in amplitudes of P300 and FRN(ps>0.05).A month later,the amplitudes of P300 and FRN were no statistically significant difference with the baseline(ps>0.05),there were no statistically significant difference between groups(ps>0.05).Conclusion:Music therapy can effectively improve the symptoms of depression and anxiety in patients with major depressive disorder;Music therapy can improve the symptoms of anhedonia in patients with major depressive disorder and the long-term curative effect is more significant.