Study Of Vitamin D Levels And Association Of Depression And Type 2 Diabetes

Vitamin D as a fat-soluble vitamin is essential for the body,and plays an important role through the vitamin D receptor?VDR?.1,25?OH?₂ is the biologically active form of vitamin D,and can combine with the VDR.In recent years,vitamin D and VDR researches have got more and more attention,and extensive research shows that vitamin D deficiency is closely associated with the occurrence of diabetes,depression,osteoporosis and cognitive dysfunction and other diseases.Vitamin D deficiency has become a public health problem for the whole world people.The relationships between Vitamin D and metabolic diseases and neurological disease received the widespread attention of people,particularly research on diabetes and MDD.We aimed at vitamin D concentrations and gene-related factors in patients with T2D and patients with MDD,and the findings are mainly as follow:?1?Most studies have shown the vitamin D concentration in patients with T1D or T2D were lower compared with the control group.Our main purpose is collecting the existing information and literatures to make summaries,and then we get the vitamin D concentration relationship between patients with T1D or T2D and the control group.We searched all publications in English on the association of vitamin D and T1D or T2D risk and all the information were analysed by Stata12.0.In total,twelve articles from including 2003 T1D cases and 1882 controls and eleven articles from including 2236T2D cases and 2438 controls were included in the meta-analysis.It was found that T1D patients had lower levels of 25?OH?D than healthy control groups?summary standardized mean difference[SMD]=-0.70;95%condense interval[CI]=[-1.02--0.37]?.It was also found that when age less than or equal to 14,patients had lower levels of 25?OH?D than healthy controls?summary standardized mean difference[SMD]=-1.04;95%condense interval[CI]=[-1.55,-0.53]?by making a age subgroup analysis in T1D patients.Similar results were found for T2D patients versus healthy control groups?summary SMD=-0.58;95%CI=[-1.16,-0.00]?.In short,our results indicated that the vitamin D level in patients with T1D or T2D were lower compared with the control groups.?2?A large number of studies have shown that the association between T2D and MDD is a two-way.The existence of T2D can increase the risk of MDD;equally unreasonable treatment of MDD can also cause T2D.Today patients fall in the two diseases are in a high proportion.T2D and MDD patients have shown varying degrees of cognitive dysfunction,with insulin and insulin resistance as well as neural endocrine disorders and so on.We searched all publications in English on the association of vitamin D and T1D or T2D risk and all the information were analysed by Stata12.0.In total,thirty-four articles were included in the meta-analysis.Obtained the results of meta-analysis?OR=1.36,95%CI=1.21-1.50?.Gender of 34 articles were further subgroup analysis found that the result among women?OR=1.39,95%CI=1.20-1.58?,and among men?OR=1.65,95%CI=1.47-1.83?.The analysis indicated patients with depression had a higher risk to get diabetes.On the analysis of the risk of depression in patients with diabetes in the study,we collected a total of twenty articles.Obtained the results of meta-analysis OR=1.34,95%CI=1.20-1.49.This suggests that the risk of depression in patients with diabetes.Thus analysis revealed the existence of two-way association between T2D and MDD.?3?At the same time we also for T2D and MDD overlapping genes are analyzed by bioinformatics.In this study,we used genome-wide association analysis?GWAS?of the two kinds of disease of single nucleotide polymorphisms?SNPS?of bioinformatics analysis.Overlapping SNP loci T2D with MDD were identified,and then an analysis function of enrichment.We identified 496 overlapping SNPs associated with T2D and MDD.The analysis of the function of enrichment of observed a total of 61 KEGG pathways,including immune responses?Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis,T cell and B cell receptors signaling?,cell signaling?MAPK,Wnt signaling?,lipid metabolism,as well as several cancer associated pathways.?4?We know that some of the biological function of vitamin D mainly depend on vitamin D reactive molecules 1,25?OH?₂D combining with vitamin D receptor system?VDR?,which causes VDR conformation change and phosphorylation,makes the VDR into active form,and give play to the role of biology.So we guess VDR level there is a certain relationship between T2D and MDD,therefore we do a meta-analysis of the VDR polymorphisms and T2D.Finally,there are 12 articles were included in the meta-analysis.The results indicate that T2D cases had a significantly lower frequency of A allele of ApaI?OR=0.96,95%CI=0.88-1.06?.However no association was found between T2D and the VDR BokI F allele among in all study subjects?OR=0.99,95%CI=0.92-1.06?.VDR Taq I and VDR Fok I are also on association?OR=0.99,95%CI=0.92-1.07;OR=1.00,95%CI=0.91-1.10?.Because of the few studies VDR gene polymorphisms and depression,we are unable to obtain sufficient data for meta-analysis,but we through the relevant report found that depression may be associated with the reduce of system hippocampus VDR erpression.The findings have certain theoretical guiding significance for the prevention and treatment of T2D.