Study On The High-risk Foot Screening And Knowledge Of Foot Care And Behavior Among Diabetic Inpatients

Objectives:To understand the risk foot status of diabetic patients,understand the foot care behavior and foot care knowledge of diabetic patients,and discuss foot behavior and foot knowledge of patients with different foot conditions,and analyze the risk factors of high-risk foot.Methods:In this study,we used the method of sampling at continuous sampling,From April 2016 to December 2016,370 patients with diabetes mellitus were collected respectively in endocrine wards in four hospitals in Baoding City.The patients' general information,disease related data,foot condition and knowledge behavior were collected by means of medical records,foot examination and questionnaire survey.Screening for high-risk foot through foot examination,screening methods based on IWGDF diabetes foot risk classification and guidelines for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in China.Examination of foot condition included foot skin and nails examination,foot malformation screening,peripheral neuropathy screening,peripheral vascular disease screening.The method of questionnaire were used to understand the knowledge and behavior of foot care in diabetic patients.Results:1.High risk foot condition in diabetic patients.In 370 cases of diabetic patients,including 32.2%s(119 case)of low risk foot,67.2%(25 cases)of high-risk foot,including 37.0%(137 cases)of the 1st grade high-risk foot,25.9%(96 cases)of the 2nd high-risk foot,4.9%(18 cases)of the 3rd high-risk foot,high risk foot screening showed a high incidence.2.Knowledge and behavior of foot care in diabetic patients.In this study,the patients' behavior questionnaire score was 52.67±11.02(from 29.41 to 94.12).Injury risk behaviors in the foot(81.26±15.91)and foot cleaning maintenance(60.16±22.53)behavior is good,check in the foot and footwear(28.29±27.98)and foot problems(8.47±15.04)in terms of bad behavior.Knowledge questionnaire score was 50.65± 18.60(5.88 ~ 94.12),with foot cleaning and maintenance(59.05±31.27)and foot injury risk behaviors(57.43±29.83)knowledge was good as well as the foot and footwear inspection(37.57±38.53)and foot problems(24.46±34.38).3.Risk factors for high-risk diabetic foot.The single factor Logistic regression analysis showed that age,education level,family monthly income,work condition,duration of disease,hypertension,coronary heart disease,diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy,total score of foot nursing behavior and total score of foot nursing knowledge was associated with high risk factors in patients with diabetic foot(p<0.05).The further application of logistic regression analysis showed that age(p<0.01,OR=1.087,95%CI=1.052 ~ 1.122)and duration(p<0.01,OR=1.194,95%CI=1.122 ~ 1.271)was an independent risk factor for high-risk diabetic foot.Conclusion:1.The incidence of high risk foot in patients with diabetes was high,and the incidence of high risk foot was 67.8%,which was mainly composed of high risk foot of grade 1 and 2 level high risk foot.2.The knowledge and behavior of foot care in diabetic patients were not ideal.In matter of foot care behavior,foot risk behavior and foot problem management need to be improved,especially foot injury was the direct cause for diabetic foot.The knowledge of inspection foot and footwear,and foot problems management also need strengthening.3.In our study,age and duration were independent risk factors of high-risk foot.With the increase of age and duration of diabetes,patients with high risk of foot incidence increased,at the same time,age and duration had a significant effect on highrisk diabetic foot.For longer duration,older patients,we should pay closer attention to the foot condition and strengthen care and follow-up.