The Correlation Between Presenteeism And Occupational Stress,Job Burnout Among ICU Nurses

Objective:The purpose of this study is to describe the situation of ICU nurses' presenteeism,occupational stress and job burnout;to analyze the influencing of ICU nurses' general demographic information on presenteeism;to explore occupational stress and job burnout on the effect of presenteeism among ICU nurses.The result of the study can provide evidence for nursing managers to pay attention to occurrence of presenteeism,and explore the influential factors are helpful for nursing managers to reduce the loss of health-related productivity,improve work efficiency,protect their healthy,stabilize the nursing team among ICU nurses.Methods:Using a convenience sample to choose 253 ICU nurses from 5 tertiary hospitals in Qingdao were investigated by questionnaires.The questionnaire included:(1)demographic questionnaire;(2)Stanford Presenteeism Scale-6;(3)Occupational Stress Inventory Revised Edition;(4)Maslach Burnout Inventory.The data were analyzed with the Statistical Package of Social Science,version 21.0.Descriptive statistics were used by means,standard deviations,median,and constituent ratio to describe the demographic variables and to assess the situation of presenteeism,occupational stress and job burnout,including the high rate of presenteeism,the level of occupational stress and job burnout.Presenteeism scores among the groups of the demographic variables were compared with Student's t-tests when there were two groups and with an analysis of variance(ANOVA)when there were at least three groups.Pearson correlation analysis was examined the correlation between presenteeism and occupational stress,job burnout.Multivariate regression analysis was utilised to explore the predictive influencing factors of presenteeism.Results:(1)The presenteeism score of 253 ICU nurses was 17.25 ± 3.50.The scores of presenteeism were regarded as critical point by median(M = 17),dividing into high group(47.4%)and low group(52.6%).The score of occupational stress was 422.83±45.51;the score of occupational role questionnaire was 187.35±22.64;the score of personal strain questionnaire was 108.26±19.19;the score of personal resources questionnaire was 127.22±22.47.According to the scores principle of occupational stress,the total score were divided into three groups,including low level of occupational stress group(151;59.7%),moderate level of occupational stress group(99;39.1%)and high level of occupational stress group(3;1.2%).The score of job burnout was 65.24±15.12;the score of emotional exhaustion was 24.63±10.05;the score of depersonalization was 8.11±5.94;the score of personal accomplishment was 32.94±8.91.According to the scores principle of job burnout,the total score were divided into four groups,including without burnout(93;36.8%),low burnout(70;27.7%),moderate burnout(78;30.8%)and high burnout(12;4.7%).(2)The results of univariate analysis of variance showed that the effects of seven factors on the presenteeism of ICU nurses were statistically significant(P<0.05).The results of univariate analysis of variance were as follows: age,professional title,educational degree,monthly income,nature of employment,and marital status.Multiple regression results showed that professional title,educational degrees,working life were into the regression equation(P<0.05).(3)The score of presenteeism's high group was significantly higher than the low group in the Personal Strain Questionnaire;the score of presenteeism's high group was significantly lower than the low group in the Personal Resources Questionnaire(P<0.05).The presenteeism was positively correlated with occupational stress(r = 0.160,P<0.05),and significantly with the Personal Strain Questionnaire(r = 0.365,P<0.01);whereas presenteeism was negatively correlated with the Personal Resources Questionnaire(r =-0.212,P<0.01).Although multivariate regression analysis,vocational strain,interpersonal strain and self-care were finally into the regression equation(P<0.05).(4)The score of presenteeism's high group was significantly higher than the low group in t job burnout,emotional exhaustion and depersonalization;the score of presenteeism's high group was significantly lower than the low group in personal accomplishment(P<0.05).The presenteeism was positively correlated with job burnout(r = 0.248,P<0.01),and significantly with emotional exhaustion(r = 0.430,P<0.01)and depersonalization(r = 0.234,P<0.01);whereas presenteeism was negatively correlated with personal accomplishment(r =-0.248,P<0.01).Although multivariate regression analysis,emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment were finally into the regression equation(P<0.05).Conclusion:(1)Presenteeism was prevalent among ICU nurses and had a higher rate of presenteeism.The degree of occupational stress was serious;all scores were focused on a moderate and high level.Job burnout was at a low and moderate level.(2)The influencing factors of ICU nurses' presenteeism were age,professional title,educational degree,working life,monthly income,nature of employment,and marital status.The independent and influencing factors of ICU nurses' presenteeism were professional title and monthly income.(3)Presenteeism among ICU nurses was positively associated with occupational stress and job burnout;occupational stress and job burnout had a predictive effect on presenteeism.The predictive factors of ICU nurses' presenteeism were vocational strain,interpersonal strain,self-care,emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment.