| Objective:To investigate the frequency,epidemiological characteristics and clinical features of human rhinovirus(HRV)and human rhinovirus A,B,C subtypes in hospitalized children with respiratory tract infections(RTIs)in Chongqing.Mehtods:From Jun 2009 to May 2017,6270 nasopharyngeal aspirate specimens from children with RTIs admitted to the Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University were obtained,RNA was extracted from the specimens and N-PCR was performed for HRV RNA.Medical records were analyzed.At the same time detection of other common respiratory viruses was done,using N-PCR method for RSV,HCo V,Inf A,Inf B,Inf C,Pinf 1-4 and HMPV.Using Q-PCR method for ADV,HBo V and MP.Sputum culture was applied to detect bacterial.Results:1.The detection of HRV: 4788 strains of virus were detected(76.3%)from the 6270 RTIs specimens,1490 HRV(23.7%),including 775HRVA(12.4%),681 HRVC(10.9%),34 HRVB(0.5%)and 97 HRV(11.1%)of 2010,178 HRV(18.8%)of 2011,205 HRV(27.5%)of 2012,229 HRV(23.3%)of 2013,252 HRV(32.6%)of 2014,174 HRV(30.2%)of 2015,201 HRV(27.8%)of 2016.2.The detection of coinfections : HRV coinfections with virus were detected in 625 patients(625/1490,41.9%),with RSV as the most frequent virus coinfections(285/625,45.6%).HRV coinfections with bacterial were detected in 629 patients(629/1490,42.2%),with streptococcus pneumoniae as the most frequent bacterial coinfections(188/629,29.9%),followed by haemophilus parainfluenza(126/629,20.0%).HRV coinfections with mycoplasma pneumonia were detected in93 patients(93/1490,6.2%).3.Epidemic characteristics: HRV distributed throughout the year,peaking in September to November,with the highest detection positive rate in autumn and the lowest detection positive rate in summer.In 2014,the detection positive rate in autumn was significantly higher than that in spring,summer and winter seasons(P<0.005).the detection positive rate was significantly higher in spring and autumn seasons than summer(P<0.005).The detection rate of HRV in males was significantly higher than females(X2 = 1.728,P = 0.014),majority of the HRV positive children was under 2 years old(1170/1490,78.5%),and the number declined gradually with age.The HRV detection positive rate has no statistically significant difference between age groups(X2 = 2.322,P =0.508)4.The clinical features:The clinical manifestations of HRV infection presented with stuffy and runny nose,fever,cough,wheezing and even dyspnea.Compared with RSV intection,HRV intection was lesssusceptible to suffer wheezing(X2=7.007,P=0.008)and dyspnea(X2=7.702,P=0.005).In patients diagnosed with bronchopneumonia and chronic pneumonia,HRVA was detected more frequently than HRVC,as to patients with acute episode of asthma,HRVC detection positive rate was significantly higher than that of HRVA.In patients diagnosed with lobar pneumonia,chronic pneumonia and prolonged pneumonia,HRV detection positive rate was significantly higher than other common viruses,and was second to RSV in bronchiolitis and acute episode of asthma.Conclusion:HRV was a major viral pathogen of RTIs in Chongqing in recent 8 years,distributing throughout the year with a peak in September to November,mainly involvmented children under 2 years old.Males are more susceptible than women to HRV In patients diagnosed with lobar pneumonia,chronic pneumonia and prolonged pneumonia,HRV detection positive rate was significantly higher than other common viruses. |
