The Survey Research On Daily Life Care Needs And Its Influential Factors In The Moderately Old And Oldest Elderly

Objectives Objective to understand the present situation of daily life care needs of the moderately old and oldest elderly,to explore the influencing factors and the relationship between them on the daily care needs of the elderly.Methods Using stratifiedrandom cluster sampling method,a total of 3448 residents in Tangshan city who aged ?75 years were investigated with Activities of Daily Living(ADL)scale,Comprehensive Frailty Assessment Instrument(CFAI)scale,University of California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale(UCLA-LS)scale,Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile-?(HPLP-?)scale and questionnaire of drug use behavior of security for elderly patients with chronic disease from January 2016 to September 2017.The data of it were analyzed by SPSS 23.0 including frequencies analysis,?2 test,Mann-Whitney U text,Kruskal-Wallis H text,ordinal logistic regression analysis and factor analysis.AOMS 23.0 was used to construct structural equation model and analyze by asymptotically distribution free(ADF)fitting method to estimate the effect of each influencing factor on daily life care needs.Results 1 There were 1784 residents(51.7%)had no need of daily life care,and 860(24.9%)with mild needs,and 804(23.3%)with severe needs,the detection rate of the daily life care need among the moderately old and oldest elderly in Tangshan city was 48.3%,the male was 44.2%,the female was 51.8%,which was higher than that of male(P<0.001).The detection rate of the daily life care need in three age groups were as flows,75~79 years old(33.7%),80~84 years old(56.4%),85 years old and above(73.3%),which went high with age(Ptrend<0.001).In accordance with the demand rate,the top five in turn were using public vehicles(38.7%),cooking(32.4%),shopping(31.8%),doing housework(31.7%),laundry(28%).2 Single factor analysis results showed that gender,age,marital status,education level,living style,medical insurance type,monthly income,medical burden,balance of payments,self-evaluation of health,frailty,number of chronic diseases,loneliness,number of sons,number of daughters,family environment transformation,relationship with children,the frequency of their children's visit,communication with their children,whether the children help in time,communication with family,interaction with relatives and friends,interaction with the neighborhood,accepting the neighborhood services,participation in community activities,health lifestyle,drug use behavior of security were related to daily life care needs of the elderly(P<0.05).3 Ordinal logistic regression analysis indicated that lower than 85 years old(OR<1),had no medical burden(OR=0.772),low degree of frailty(OR<1),had no chronic diseases or less than three(OR<1),low degree of frailty(OR<1),less than three daughters(OR<1),the children help in time(OR=0.621),communication with family(OR=0.569),higher participation in community activities(OR<1),drug use behavior of high security(OR<1)were protective factors for daily health care need and lower education level(OR>1),had medical insurance(OR>1),poor self-evaluation of health(OR>1),family environment transformation(OR=1.533),less communication with their children(OR>1),less interaction with relatives and friends(OR>1),less accepting the neighborhood services(OR>1),unhealthy lifestyle(OR>1)and lower monthly income were risk factors for daily life care needs.4 The SEM results showed that multivariate correlation coefficient square(R2)of the internal variables of daily life care needs was 0.67 from the 6 variables of age,living style,economic factors,physical and mental health,family support and social support which could explain the variance of 67% of the internal variables.In accordance with the effect coefficient,the influencing factors from large to small were physical and mental health(?=-0.792),age(?=0.339),economic factors(?=-0.171),social support(?=-0.102),family support(?=-0.096)and living style(?=0.067).Conclusions 1 The prevalence of the daily life care need among the moderately old and oldest elderly was higher,especially female and the higher age.2 The daily life care needs of the moderately old and oldest elderly are influenced by age,living style,economic factors,physical and mental health,family support and social support,and all factors interact with each other.It is significance to effectively integrate family,community and social resources to meet the needs of daily life care and improve their quality of life.