A Study On Self-care Agency And Self-care Requisites Of Residents In Haze Weather And Its Influencing Factors, Based On Orem's Theory Of Self-care

Objective:The purpose of this study was to grasp the current situation of self-care agency and self-care requisites of haze among residents,analyze their influencing factors,and provide references for nursing workers to carry out haze related health education and formulate nursing intervention strategies from person to person,so as to improve residents' self-care agency.Methods:The purposive sampling method is adopted,we randomly selected Chaoyang District as the investigation site from the nine areas of Changchun.From October to December 2017,the survey was conducted on the college students in a university,the occupational population in the enterprise,the traffic police in the traffic police force,and the elderly in the elderly activity center.The questionnaire included three parts: general information questionnaire,self-care agency questionnaire,self-care requisites questionnaire.Epidata3.1 was selected to enter the data,SPSS23.0 was used to analyze the results.The demographic data and self-care requisites of the residents towards haze pollution were analyzed using frequency percentage.Normal distributions of self-care agency scores were tested using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test.The data were skewed distribution,and therefore,median ± quartile were used.Non-parametric and Bonferroni test were conducted to compare the self-care agency of the four groups.Chi-square tests and Non-conditional logistic regression were used for the assessment of the associations between awareness rate and demographic factors.Results:1.Self-care agency Among the four groups,the self-care agency scores of the occupational population and traffic police,the elderly and college students did not differ significantly(p>0.05).However,the self-care agency scores of the college students and the elderly was lower than that of occupational population and traffic police,and the difference wasstatistically significant(p<0.05).2.Influencing factors The self-care agency scores of the residents varied significantly with group,age,sex,education,exercise,exercise frequency,exercise location and illness(p<0.05).3.Self-care requisites For the source of haze information,the elderly and traffic police preferred traditional information access,such as television(89.3% and 71.4%,respectively),newspaper(47.1% and 62.1%,respectively),and broadcast(46.4% and 64.6%,respectively).The students and occupational population preferred new social media,such as mobile newspaper(60.7% and 60.6%,respectively)and internet(71.5% and 56.6%,respectively).All residents relied on the haze information released by the environmental protection department(college students 58.8%,occupational population 60.0%,traffic police 55.9%,and the elderly 64.3%)and meteorological department(college students 52.8%,occupational population 57.8%,traffic police 56.5%,and the elderly 53.6%).The trust levels of residents on the environmental protection department and the meteorological department were basically flat.The latest air quality was the most desired information of all residents.Conclusions:1.The self-care agency of the residents still needs to be improved,especially for college students and the elderly.2.Group,age,sex,education,exercise,exercise frequency,exercise location and illness were main important factors influencing residents' self-care ability.Nursing workers need to provide health education for college students and the elderly,youth and senior citizens,women,<High school,indoors,exercise frequency <3 times per week,and healthy people to strengthen basic knowledge and protective measures of haze.In order to improve the self-care agency of the residents.3.The self-care requisites of the residents varied from person to person.Nursing workers should carry out targeted nursing interventions and health education according to different needs of different groups,to meet the different needs of different people.