Investigation On Self-management And Quality Of Life Of Patients With Cardiovascular Diseases

[Objective]:To understand the level of self-management and quality of life(QOL)of patients with different types of cardiovascular disease,explore the factors affecting self-management and quality of life(QOL)of patients with cardiovascular disease,and provide scientific basis for developing targeted guidance programs,improving the self-management level of patients and improving their quality of life.[Methods]: By using cross-sectional investigation and random sampling,cardiovascular diseases were divided into four layers according to hypertension,coronary heart disease,arrhythmia and heart failure.80 patients were selected from each layer.The time is from January 1,2017 to August 31,2017.In the case of informed consent,general situation questionnaire,self-management scale and psychological pain thermometer scale were used to survey the patients one-to-one.Investigators fill it out and recycle it on the spot.Using excel to input data and using statistical software SPSS17.0 for data analysis,F test was used to compare the difference of psychological pain and self-management level in patients with cardiovascular disease.The main factors influencing self-management and quality of life of patients were analyzed by multiple linear regression analysis.[Results]:1.The self-management level of patients with cardiovascular disease was at the middle level(111.52 ± 16.96),the self-management behavior score(3.33±0.60)was the lowest in all dimensions,followed by self-management cognition(3.36±0.96)and self-management psychology(3.64±0.60).The lower the score,the worse the self-management level.At different levels of culture(P < 0.001),the difference in the degree of self management of monthly income(P=0.045)was statistically significant(P< 0.05).In the age of(P=0.685),gender(P=0.628),marital status(P=0.08),disease type(P=0.144),disease duration(P=0.116),BMI(P=0.244),medical billing(P=0.935),the economic burden of the family(P=0.337),the family history of cardiovascular(P=0.454)and combined with other chronic diseases(P=0.108)there was no difference on the level of self-management.2.The psychological pain level of patients with cardiovascular disease was(5.34 ±2.20),the lowest score was 1point,the highest 10 points,the highest score of physical problems(3.71 ± 2.88),followed by emotional problems(2.39 ± 1.68)and practical problems(1.25±1.34).The higher the score,the higher the level of psychological pain.The scores of ? 4 were significantly,associated(P < 0.05)with age(P=0.016),disease type(P<0.001),course of disease(P=0.018),financial burden of different families(P=0.001)and chronic diseases(P=0.032).3.The main causes of psychological distress in patients with cardiovascular diseases are physical problems(3.71±2.88),emotional problems(2.39±1.68)and practical problems(1.25±1.34).4.There was no difference in self-management level among the four kinds of cardiovascular diseases(P=0.144).The scores of psychological pain level were statistically different among the groups(P< 0.05).The scores from high to low were heart failure(6.25±2.08),arrhythmia(5.33±2.10),coronary heart disease(5.28±2.37)and hypertension(4.51±1.91).Patients with heart failure had the highest level of psychological pain.5.There was a negative correlation between self-management and psychological pain level in patients with cardiovascular diseases(r=-0.184,P=0.001).The higher the level of self-management,the lower the level of psychological pain,the better the quality of life.There is a high correlation between the actual problem dimension of psychological pain and patients' self-management level(r=-0.196,P<0.001),the behavior of self-management(r=-0.230,P<0.001)?the mental pain(r=-0.178,P=0.001)? and the information(r=-0.133,P=0.017),has a significant effect on the average psychological pain level of the patient.6.The multiple linear regression analysis,the main factors affecting the quality of life is self management level(beta =-0.020,P=0.004),education(beta =-0.219,P=0.015),coronary heart disease(beta =0.625,P=0.061),arrhythmia(beta =0.561,P=0.097),heart failure(beta =1.646,P < 0.001),family history(beta =0.578,P=0.025,BMI)level(beta =0.283,P < 0.001),indicating the different disease control and the natural condition of mental suffering.The level of self-management has a negative effect on it.[Conclusion]:1.The level of self-management and psychological pain of patients with cardiovascular diseases are at the middle level,and the level of self-management and quality of life are not high.2.There was a negative correlation between the level of self-management and the level of psychological pain,and there was a significant correlation between the self-management behavior,psychology,information dimension and the level of psychological pain.3.The level of self-management,education,heart failure and family history had significant influence on patients' quality of life.According to the patient's disease and natural condition,the medical staff should make a directed plan to improve the patient's quality of life,especially the self-management behavior will be more effective.