A Study On The Status Of Subjective Well-being And Its Influencing Factors Of Elderly In One Rural Area Of Anhui Province

Objective To understand the status of subjective well-being and to explore its influencing factors of rural elderly in one area of Anhui Province,in order to provide a theoretical basis for making measures to enhance the subjective well-being and to promote the physical and mental health of rural elderly.Methods A cross-sectional survey was used for the study,and one township in Dangtu County,Maanshan City of Anhui Province was selected as the research site by cluster sampling methods.The elderly aged 60 years or more in the township were selected as the research object to complete the questionnaire investigation.The questionnaire was consisted of the general situation survey,the Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness(MUNSH),Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS),Activity of Daily Living Scale(ADL),Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)and Geriatric Depression Scale-15(GDS-15).T-test,Analysis of Variance(ANOVA),Wilcoxon rank sum test,or Kruskal-Wallis H test analysis was used to compare the differences between groups.Multivariate analysis was performed using multiple linear regression analysis.Epidata3.1 software was used to establish a database and input data.Data analysis was performed using SPSS23.0 software.Results A total of 3048 valid questionnaires were collected,with the average age of respondents was(71.6 ± 6.7)years.Among them,1263 were male(41.4%)and 1785 were female(58.6%).The average score of subjective well-being was(35.16 ± 10.02)points,which was at the middle level.The multivariate analysis showed that there was a positive correlation among age,monthly income level,physical exercise,social support and subjective well-being.Chronic diseases,pain,impaired activity of daily living,anxiety,and depression were negatively correlated with subjective well-being.Multivariate analysis on the four dimensions of subjective well-being showed that 1)Age,monthly income level,physical exercise and social support were positively correlated with positive affection;single,chronic diseases,impaired activity of daily living and depression were negatively correlated with positive affection.2)Age,monthly income level,not living alone,physical exercise and social support were negatively correlated with negative affection;pain,anxiety,depression were positively correlated with negative affection.3)Monthly income,physical exercise and social support were positively correlated with positive experience;single,chronic illness,pain,impaired activity of daily living and depression were negatively correlated with positive experience.4)Monthly income level,married,not living alone and physical exercise were negatively correlated with negative experience;chronic diseases,pain,anxiety and depression were positively correlated with negative experience.Conclusions Subjective well-being of rural elderly in one area of Dangtu County,Anhui Province is generally at a middle level.And it was affected by various factors such as age,monthly income level,physical exercise,chronic diseases,pain,and activity of daily living,social support,anxiety,and depression.Therefore,based on the above factors,we should take appropriate measures to improve the subjective well-being of the elderly in this area.