Microbiological Effects Of Egg Yolk Immunoglobulin Against Porphyromonas Gingivalis As An Adjunct In The Treatment Of Moderate To Severe Chronic Periodontitis

Objective To determine the effects of egg yolk antibody against Porphyromonas gingivalis(anti-P.gingivalis-Ig Y)on the number of red complex bacteria(RCB)in patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis before and after treatment,and the changes in the composition ratio of the three members of RCB in total bacteria using N-Benzoyl-L-Arginine-Naphthylamide(BANA)and Taq Man real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-q PCR)assays.The clinical efficacy of anti-P.gingivalisIg Y was discussed from microbiological perspective.Methods This experiment was randomized,double-blind,parallel-controlled clinical trial,involving 60 healthy patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis.Subjects were randomly divided into three groups: experimental group(anti-P.gingivalis-Ig Y group),positive control group(chlorhexidine group)and negative control group(placebo group).Each group had 20 subjects.After basic periodontal treatment,each patient received subgingival irrigation of their allocated mouthwash and rinsed with the mouthwash for a period of 4 weeks.The subgingival plaque,gingival crevicular fluid and saliva samples were collected and analyzed at baseline and after 4 weeks of treatment.The serum content of trypsin-like enzyme(TLE)was measured by BANA assay.The standard plasmids of P.gingivalis,Tannerella forsythia(T.forsythia)and Treponema denticola(T.denticola)were constructed to establish a quantitative standard.RT-q PCR was used to detect the changes in the composition ratio of these three bacteria in total bacteria.Results The content of TLE in the subgingival plaque and gingival crevicular group within all the three groups was significantly reduced after treatment(P<0.05),and the difference between the groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).The content of TLE in saliva was only significantly decreased in the anti-P.gingivalis Ig Y group after treatment(P<0.05),however there was no significant difference between the groups(P>0.05).After treatment,the composition ratios of P.gingivalis and T.forsythia in total bacteria were significantly reduced(P<0.05)in all the groups.There was no significant difference between the three groups(P>0.05).The composition ratio of T.denticola in total bacteria was significantly reduced(P<0.05)after treatment only in the chlorhexidine group,but there was no significant difference between the groups(P>0.05).P.gingivalis,T.forsythia,and T.denticola were correlated with each other in subgingival plaque before and after treatment in patients with moderate and severe chronic periodontitis(P<0.05).Conclusion The specific anti-P.gingivalis-Ig Y mouthwash can reduce the content of red complex bacteria in subgingival plaque and gingival crevicular fluid,and reduce the composition ratio of P.gingivalis and T.forsythia in total bacterial count.It can be used as an adjunct in the treatment of patients with moderate and severe chronic periodontitis.