Study On The Prevalence Of Chronic Diseases And Their Influence Factors In The Jinchuan Occupational Cohort

Objectives:To understand the prevalence and distribution of chronic diseases in the Jinchuan Occupational Cohort and to explore the influence factors of chronic diseases in order to provide baseline analysis for the Jinchuan Occupational Cohort,to prevent and control chronic diseases,and to improve the health of workers.Methods:Data on the workers of Jinchuan Group Co.Ltd were collected through medical examinations and epidemiological surveys from June 24,2011 to September 28,2012.A cross-sectional study design was used to analyze the prevalence of chronic diseases in order to identify high-risk populations.A case-control study design was used to discuss factors that influence chronic diseases,including occupational hazards,behaviors,and physiological and biochemical indices.Results:(1)The prevalence and the adjusted prevalence of chronic diseases in the Jinchuan Occupational Cohort were 59.95%and 59.45%,respectively.The prevalence in females was higher than in males.The prevalence was positively correlated with age.(2)The three organ systems with the highest prevalence of chronic disease in males were the digestive system(29.64%),the cardiovascular system(18.48%),and the respiratory system(17.16%).The three systems with the highest prevalence in females were the digestive system(27.11%),the urogenital system(23.89%),and the respiratory system(20.72%).(3)The ten most common chronic diseases in the Jinchuan Occupational Cohort were hypertension,rhinitis,cholecystitis,gallstones,pharyngitis,fatty liver,hyperlipidemia,herniated disc,gastritis,and diabetes.The ten most common chronic diseases in male were hypertension,rhinitis,fatty liver,hyperlipidemia,cholecystitis,gallstones,pharyngitis,gastritis,herniated disc,and diabetes.The ten most common chronic diseases in female were cyclomastopathy,rhinitis,cholecystitis,gallstones,hysteromyoma,pharyngitis,herniated disc,hypertension,gastritis,and ovarian cyst.(4)Hypertension,which was more prevalent in males than in females,was positively correlated with age.Risk factors for hypertension were family history of hypertension,consumption of spirits,BMI>25,FBG ?6.10 mmol/L,TG ? 2.26 mmol/L,TC ? 6.22 mmol/L.Protective factors for hypertension were beer consumption and education equal to or higher than secondary school.(5)Rhinitis,which was more prevalent in females than in males,was most prevalent in the 20-39-year-old age group for both sexes.Risk factors were education equal to or higher than secondary school;family per capita monthly income of 1000-2000 RMB,exposure to welding fumes and second-hand smoke,and 10 years or more of occupational exposure and Cl2 exposure.A protective factor for rhinitis was smoke.High-risk groups included smelting,maintenance,and construction workers.(6)Cholecystitis,which was more prevalent in females than in males,increased visibly in those 30 years of age or older.Risk factors were nickel dust exposure,coal or mineral dust exposure,Cl2 exposure,15 years or more of occupational exposure,family history of hyperlipidemia,coronary heart disease(CHD)or hypertension.Protective factors for cholecystitis were a drinking wine index of less than 100 and drinking tea.High-risk groups included back office staff.(7)Gallstones,which were more prevalent in females than in males,were positively correlated with age.Risk factors were BMI>25,20 years or more of occupational exposure,family history of diabetes,and personal history of hyperlipidemia.(8)Pharyngitis,which was more prevalent in females than in males,increased with age in females and decreased with age in males.Risk factors were exposure to second-hand smoke,iron dust,and Cl2,and the length of occupational exposure.High-risk groups included administrative staff,maintenance staff,and patients with rhinitis or chronic bronchitis.(9)Fatty liver,which was more prevalent in males than in females,was most prevalent in the 40-59-year-old age group for both sexes.Risk factors were education equal to or higher than secondary school,red wine consumption,a drinking wine index greater than or equal to 300,coal or mineral dust exposure,exposure to high temperatures,BMI>25,SBP>120 mmHg,DBP? 80 mmHg,FBG ?6.10 mmol/L,TG ?1.70 mmol/L,and family history of hypertension or diabetes.High-risk groups included maintenance staff,installers and operators.(10)Hyperlipidemia,which was more prevalent in males than in females,increased visibly in those 50 years of age or older.Risk factors were education equal to or higher than secondary school,exposure to second-hand smoke,drinking wine or drinking tea indices greater than or equal to 100,BMI>25,DBP ? 80 mmHg,FBG ? 6.10 mmol/L,and family history of hyperlipidemia,CHD,hypertension,or diabetes.High-risk groups included administrative staff and back office staff(11)Diabetes,which was more prevalent in males than in females,increased visibly in those 50 years of age or older.Risk factors were BMI>25,personal history of hypertension,and family history of diabetes.A protective factor for diabetes was HDLC ? 1.55 mmol/L.High-risk groups included administrative staff,back office staff,and transport equipment operators.(12)CHD was more prevalent in males than in females.Risk factors were noise exposure,obesity,family history of CHD or hypertension,and SBP? 140 mmHg.Conclusion:The prevalence of chronic diseases in the Jinchuan Occupational Cohort was higher than in other populations.The prevalence of chronic diseases in general was higher in females than in males and was positively correlated with age.Occupational hazards,behaviors,and abnormal levels of physiological and biochemical indices are the main controllable influence factors.Appropriate preventive measures should be adopted as soon as possible in order to reduce the incidence of chronic disease and improve the health of workers.