Study On The Prevalence,Incidence And The Influence Factors Of COPD In Jinchang Cohort

Objectives To determine the incidence,prevalence of COPD in Jinchang cohort,to identify the predominant components of COPD and the high-risk groups in this cohort,and to explore the influence factors of COPD and their degrees of harm,in order to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of this disease and to promote the health of occupational population.Methods All people of Jinchang Cohort were interviewed with a questionnaire from June 24,2011 and July 7,2014.A cross-sectional study design was used to describe the prevalence status and to identify the high-risk groups in the Jinchang cohort.A case-control study design was used to explore the relationships between COPD and demographic characteristics,behavioral characteristics,and history of occupational exposure.In this study,the patients with COPD as the cases and the people who did not suffer from COPD as the controls.Follow-up cohort data were used to verify the relationships from the above analyses.Results 1.The prevalence of COPD was 3.56%in the Jinchang cohort,with a higher prevalence in males than in females(men,3.83%;women,3.15%).2.Chronic bronchitis is the main component of COPD,accounting for 92.07%of cases(1474/1601)in the Jinchang cohort,followed by emphysema,accounting for 7.50%of cases(120/1601).The prevalence of chronic bronchitis and emphysema were 3.28%and 2.7‰,respectively.3.The prevalence of chronic bronchitis increased with age in the Jinchang cohort and increased significantly in the 55+ age group.The highest prevalence in 65+ age group(8.08%).4.The occupational distribution of COPD cases with chronic bronchitis was concentrated in support staff,with a prevalence of 4.15%,followed by workers,with a prevalence of 3.30%.Less educated people were at higher risk,with the highest prevalence in people with no formal education(6.66%).Prevalence decreased with the improvement of educational level.5.The prevalence of chronic bronchitis among former smokers was higher than in general population,at 7.04%(men,6.89%;women,16.13%).The prevalence rose with the increase of smoking-index,and the prevalence increased significantly among groups with a smoking-index over 800.The prevalence of chronic bronchitis also increased with additional years of passive smoking.6.The prevalence of chronic bronchitis among people exposed to vapor,blasting fumes and gasoline was 11.61%,7.65%and 5.60%,respectively.The prevalence of chronic bronchitis increased with length of exposure.People exposed to vapor for more than 20 years,blasting fumes and gasoline for more than 30 years had prevalence of chronic bronchitis of 11.61%,7.65%and 3.80%respectively.7.The risk factors for chronic bronchitis in males were age,history of smoking,exposure to vapors and blasting fumes.The risk factors for chronic bronchitis in females were age,history of smoking,20+ passive smoking years,and exposure to chlorine.The risk factors for emphysema in males were age,history of smoking,exposure to dust more than 20 years.Conclusion 1.The prevalence of COPD in the Jinchang cohort is consistent with the other area's average,chronic bronchitis is the main components of COPD in the Jinchang cohort.2.High-risk populations for COPD include people with low educational level,older workers,support staff,and males in the Jinchang cohort,but female cannot be ignored.3.Age and smoking are the most important risk factors for COPD in the Jinchang cohort.4.Occupational exposure to vapor,blasting fumes,chlorine and dust will increase the risk of COPD in Jinchang cohort.The prevalence by the years of these occupational exposure had dose-response relationship.