| Orobanche spp.is a root parasitic plant,and among them the main host of O.cumana Wallr.is sunflower.It is a serious hazard in Inner Mongolia,Xinjiang,Hebei and other regions in our country,and has become one of the main factors restricting the sunflower industry.In order to find an effective and environmentally friendly control method for O.cumana,this study took O.cumana Wallr.as the research object.The effects of actinomycetes D74(Streptomyces rochei)and organic fertilizer(chicken manure and black soldier fly manure)on the germination and parasitism of O.cumana were analyzed through the petri dish test and PE bag co-culture test,and finally through the application of D74 inoculant and organic fertilizer(chicken manure)was used to further verify the control effect in pot experiments,in order to obtain an effective method for controlling parasitic weed.The main results are as follows:(1)The petri dish test showed that the germination inhibition rates of D74 fermentation broth(3.1 mg / m L),chicken manure extract(0.11 g / m L),insect manure extract(0.11 g / m L)were100%,66.71% and 59.50%,which can effectively inhibit the germination of O.cumana.In the treatment of chicken manure extract and insect manure extract,the short germinal tube of orobanche(0-1 mm)accounted for the highest proportion of the total number of O.cumana,and as the concentration of these three treatments decreased,the length of bud tubes generally increased.This indicated that D74 fermentation broth and organic fertilizer extract(chicken manure and black-soldier fly manure)can effectively inhibit the germinationand the elongation of bud tube.(2)The PE bag co-cultivation(sunflower-orobanche)test found that the inhibition rates of D74 fermentation broth,chicken manure and black soldier flyextracts on O.cumana germination were 12.45%,27.34% and 38.64%,respectively.When the parasitic inhibition rates were 78.77%,78.31% and 80.83%,respectively.At the same time,these treatments can delay the growth of O.cumana,and the O.cumana bud tube is unhealthy.Therefore,the addition of D74 fermentation broth and organic manure extract(chicken dung and black soldier fly dung)can inhibit the growth of O.cumana by affecting the two processes of O.cumana germination and parasitism.(3)The pot experiment data showed that when the O.cumana was present,the addition of the compound bacterial fertilizer(actinomycetes agent D74 with chicken manure)made the above-ground dry weight,underground dry weight,plant height,stem thickness and disk diameter of sunflowers more than the control.Increased by 44.05%,58.82%,21.20%,28.72% and 7.35%,respectively,which has a significant promoting effect on sunflower.The addition of compound bacterial fertilizer significantly increased the POD and PAL activities of sunflower leaves by 79.21% and 18.72%(p<0.05)respectively,and the MDA content was significantly reduced by 33.43%(p<0.05)compared with the blank group,reducing the oxidative damage of sunflower leaf cells.At the same time,the use of compound bacterial fertilizers reduced the total number of parasites of O.cumana,increased the unearthing rate of O.cumana,and indirectly eliminated the potential threat of O.cumana in the soil.In summary,this study used actinomycetes D74 and organic fertilizers(chicken manure and insect dung)to inhibit the germination and parasitism of O.cumana,providing a new idea for exploring more efficient and environmentally friendly O.cumana control methods. |
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