Energy-efficient Data Collection Method For Large-scale Farmland Wireless Sensor Network

Precision agriculture effectively regulates crop growth through variable fertilization,irrigation decisions,pest and disease control and other technical means to achieve reduction,efficiency,high yield,high quality and other purposes.Wireless Sensor Network(WSN)technology as the representative of the Internet of Things technology can achieve accurate agricultural production process of real-time monitoring and scientific control of the environment,soil,crop physiology,etc.;the goals of rational use of agricultural resources,reduction of production costs,improvement of ecological environment and improvement of agricultural crop yield and quality have been achieved.It is an important means to achieve precision agriculture.Wireless sensor network(WSN)is very suitable for application scenarios with complex environmental conditions and weak infrastructure due to its multi-functional self-organization,flexible node deployment,low energy consumption cost,and no need for post-maintenance.There are many problems and characteristics of large-scale farmland WSN,such as wide coverage area,long planting period,inconvenient energy supply,complex and changeable environment.How to realize long-term stable data transmission is the difficulty in research and application.This paper focused on the optimization of energy consumption of WSN routing algorithm in farmland environment;and conducted related research in terms of balanced network node energy consumption and extended network life cycle.The main elements and innovations were as follows.(1)In order to solve the problems of energy consumption difference between cluster heads and common nodes,between cluster heads and cluster heads,and short network life cycle in the traditional clustering algorithm in small-scale farmland WSN,a topology-associated energy-efficient farmland WSN cluster first rotation method was proposed.The weight was calculated by residual energy,node degree and data transmission distance,and the cluster head was selected.The problem of efficient organization and aggregation of dynamic topological network of farmland complex environment was solved.The innovation adopts the multi-round interval cluster head rotation method,which effectively reduces the excessive algorithm overhead in frequent cluster head rotation;and energy consumption reduction and balance of network nodes were realized.(2)A hybrid network structure with upper and lower hierarchy was proposed to solve the problems of high energy consumption and energy gradient between cluster head and aggregation nodes in large-scale farmland WSN,By screening a small number of dominant nodes for localdata fusion and short-distance data forwarding,the overall energy consumption level and data redundancy of the network were reduced.The method of multi-hop data transmission between cluster heads was proposed to reduce the high additional energy consumption of the remote cluster heads.In large-scale farmland WSN,due to the different communication distance,the problem of energy consumption difference between nodes was effectively solved(3)A screening method for inter-cluster multi-hop data transmission links based on simulated annealing and particle swarm optimization was proposed.The fitness function was constructed by transmission distance,number of transmission hops and energy of forwarding nodes.High quality data transmission link between cluster head and sink node was screened.The simulated annealing algorithm was used to accelerate the global convergence speed of the particle swarm algorithm in solving the upper multi-hop link.The computation time and energy overhead of the algorithm were reduced.Finally,through the dual rotation of cluster head and path relay forwarding node,the energy consumption of large-scale farmland network nodes could be reduced and balanced.The results show that compared with the traditional routing algorithm,the energy consumption level of each round of nodes was reduced.The number of data forwarding in the upper layer was reduced;the speed of energy consumption among different nodes in the network was balanced,and the extension of reliable monitoring period was realized.