Water Conservancy Project For Tobacco To Assessment Of Tobacco Disaster Reduction Benefit In Typical Areas Of Guizhou

Tobacco is an important cash crop,tobacco industry is the dominant traditional industry,which has made important contribution to increasing of government tax,tobacco farmers' income and enterprises' efficiency.Due to the influence of special karst topography and the continuous occurrence of "erdanino" phenomenon in recent years,the precipitation in the tobacco area is not evenly distributed in time and space,and the local or overall stage drought occurs from time to time,which seriously affects the tobacco production.As we all known,there is no end to human cognition of the laws of nature,disaster prevention and mitigation,disaster relief is the eternal subject of human survival and development.Scientific understanding of the complex relationship between drought and tobacco production,effective disaster risk reduction,comprehensive improvement of water conservancy project for tobacco disaster prevention and mitigation capacity,to promote the sustainable development of tobacco production in Guizhou,improve tobacco resistance to natural disasters,the development of modern tobacco agriculture to provide a solid guarantee.The water conservancy project for tobacco is a water conservancy project facility funded by the tobacco department for irrigation with high yield and steady yield.Is to solve the tobacco area people produce domestic water,increase the income of tobacco farmers.It is a powerful guarantee for the development of modern tobacco agriculture and the modernization of rural agriculture.In order to accurately resist drought and disaster reduction,give full play to the role of water conservancy project for tobacco,and provide reference for the construction and development of subsequent water conservancy project for tobacco,this paper studies the ability of tobacco drought and disaster reduction in typical Guizhou areas.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The influence of the water surplus deficit index on relative meteorological output at different growth stages of tobacco were studied.By means of statistical analysis,the correlation coefficient between water profit and loss index and relative meteorological output was obtained.In the flourishing period,the correlation coefficients of Meitan 0.568,Weining 0.666,Xingren 0.457 and Sinan 0.527,correlation coefficients are significant.In the maturing period,the correlation coefficients of Meitan 0.458,Weining 0.362,Xingren0.585,Xingren 0.585,Sinan 0.518,and the correlation coefficients reached significant levels.In the whole growing period,the correlation coefficients were Meitan 0.643,Weining 0.657,Xingren 0.653 and Sinan 0.648,respectively,and the correlation coefficients reached extremely significant levels.(2)Establishment of drought classification for tobacco based on water surplus deficit index in different growth stages.According to the regression analysis,the quantitative correlation between the water shortage rate and the yield reduction percentage was obtained,and the drought grade corresponding to the water deficit rate to the water deficit rate of tobacco in different growth period was divided.That is,when the water deficit rate is?15%,15%~35%,35%~55%,?55%,Light drought,moderate drought,severe drought and extreme drought occurred respectively,the corresponding reduction rate is?10%,10%~20%,20%~30%,?30%,the flourishing period of tobacco water deficit rate is?35%,35%~70%,?70%,Light drought,moderate drought and severe drought occurred respectively,and the corresponding reduction rate is ?10%,10%~20%,20%~30%.When the maturing period of tobacco water deficit rate is ?35%,35%~75%,?75%,Light drought,moderate drought and severe drought occurred respectively,and the corresponding reduction rate is?10%,10%~20%,20%~30%.(3)The influence coefficient of drought damage in different growth period of tobacco was studied.According to the irrigation experiments of tobacco with different growth period and drought degree.more in the maturing period and less in the later stage,and the flourishing period is the key period for tobacco water requirement;the effect of different water stress on tobacco yield and water use efficiency is different in different growth period,and the occurrence of mild water deficit in root extension period cannot only improve the efficiency of tobacco water use,but also improve the drought resistance of tobacco.However,the tobacco yield loss in the flourishing period and maturing period was significantly higher than that in the extended period,especially in the flourishing period.According to the Jensen model,the influence coefficient of drought disaster in different growth period of tobacco was: root-extension period is 0.112,flourishing period prosperityis 0.553 and maturing period is 0.307.(4)Study on the Evaluation Model of Disaster Mitigation Benefit of water conservancy project for tobacco in typical Guizhou Province.The drought damage in the whole growth period of tobacco is the result of the cumulative effect of drought occurring in different growth periods.The construction of water conservancy project for tobacco has a great influence on the tobacco drought situation in the typical area of Guizhou.The evaluation results show that the average disaster reduction capacity of the four typical areas of Meitan,Weining,Xingren and Sinan are 0.68,0.70,0.75,0.66 respectively.In 2006~2017 the reduced production of the water conservancy project for tobacco are 8218.29 t,25031.22 t,8204.20 t,6417.79t;and the economic losses caused by the water conservancy project for tobacco are 151.3032 million yuan,454.1931 million yuan,145.91 million yuan and106.7144 million yuan respectively.(5)This paper gives suggestions for improving the drought resistance of water conservancy project for tobacco.In the course of field investigation,it is found that there are some problems such as channel leakage,reservoir failure to store water normally,channel cracks and weeds at the bottom of the canal,in research,we found the problem of low drought resistance and disaster reduction ability of some regional water conservancy project for tobacco.This paper puts forward some suggestions: First,strengthen the construction of water source project,improve the degree of water supply guarantee.Second,improving water conservancy project for tobacco supporting facilities,enhancing disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities.Third,Optimization of tobacco irrigation systems,improve the efficiency of agricultural water use.Fourth,integrating the advantages of soil and water Resources,scientific planning of tobacco production.Fifth,Strengthening tobacco field management,improve soil water storage capacity.Finally,improve the level of project management and enhance the ability to resist drought.