Study On The Design Of Selenium Melon Transplanting Machine

The technology of seedling transplanting has been widely used in agricultural production due to its significant effect in improving crop output and quality.As of 2019,the planting area of selenium melon in Ningxia has reached one million mu.However,most of them are planted in the slope with harsh environment,and the existing transplanting machinery can not satisfy the agricultural requirements of selenium melon planting.In order to reduce the labor intensity in the process of transplanting seedlings,improve the output and quality of selenium melon,and achieve the healthy and rapid development of characteristic agriculture in Ningxia,it is of great significance to design a selenium melon transplanter with strong adaptability and satisifying the agricultural requirements.Synthesize the relevant research status of common transplanters at home and abroad,it is found that they have different problems in the process of transplanting in grit ground,and the operation effect is difficult to satisify the requirements of transplanting agronomy of selenium melon in grit ground.It is difficult to separate the grit and soil,and there is no transplanter in the aspect of crosswise ridging.In the aspect of planting tube,the transplanting environment with mixed soil and stone needs to be improved.In view of the above problems,the main research contents and results are as follows:(1)By comparing the transplanters of all kinds of transplanters at home and abroad,the transplanter with strong adaptability to seedling transplanting was selected.According to the special properties of the grit ground,the seedling guide tube was improved,and the manual rotation mechanism of the seedling guide tube was set up,and the second opener part was improved to reduce the lodging of the pot seedling,making it more suitable for the surface soil covers grit with the diameter of 20-50mm and the thickness of 100-150 and the slope of less than or equal to 15°.The manual crosswise ridging is improved to automatic crosswise ridging,and the Mechatronics is achieved.(2)Through the combination of simulation and field test,the first opener and seedling guide tube are analyzed,and the simulation grit groove which is similar to the real grit ground is established by using the EDEM discrete finite element analysis software.The disturbance of grit and soil layer during the operation of the shovel opener and the core-flute opener in 1 m/s are compared,and the opener model which can achieve the separate the grit and soil.It is found that the disturbance of grit and soil layer and the backfilling of grit are similar to the simulation results,which verifies the rationality of the opener design.The movement process of potted seedling from seedling to transplanting is complex.The binding model of potted seedling is established by using EDEM discrete finite element software,The movement track of potted seedling and the state of potted seedling falling into the bottom of grit groove are simulated and analyzed when the angle between the guiding seedling tube and the horizontal plane is different.The analysis results show that the upright state of potted seedling falling into the bottom of grit groove is better when the angle between the guiding seedling tube and the horizontal plane is 115 °.The results of field experiments show that the upright state of the seedlings falling into the bottom of the grit groove when the angle between the seedling guide tube and the horizontal plane is 110°?120 0 is similar to the simulation results,which verifies the rationality of the design of the seedling guide tube and the correctness of the selection of the inclination angle of the seedling guide tube.(3)Through the field test,the opener traction force of transplanter is obtained when the transplanter is planted stably in perennial plantation,and this data is taken as the main parameter of the stress analysis of the key components of the transplanter to ensure the correctness and reliability of the optimization results of the key components of the transplanter.The finite element analysis software ABAQUS is used to analyze the statics of the key parts of the transplanter,the stress,displacement and failure stress diagram of the key parts under extreme conditions,and the shape of the parts that do not satisify the allowable conditions is optimized,finally the optimization model that can satisify the allowable conditions is obtained.(4)In the field test of the prototype,all parts of the transplanter work well,the working efficiency is 62 plants per minute,the rate of seedling leakage is 0%,and the rate of dumping is 12.5%,the rate of buried is 14.3%,which satisfy the expected design requirements.