Population Genetic,Migration Characteristics And Habitat Spatial Distribution Pattern Of Siberian Roe Deer(Capreolus Pygargus)

In order to reveal the genetic diversity and migration characteristics of Siberian roe deer(Capreolus pygargus)populations,this study collected 279 fecal samples from 5 regions in northern Changbai Mountains through winter transect surveys(2015-2018),using 9 micro satellite loci for identification 215 individuals were selected to evaluate the genetic diversity among populations,combined with the ancestral theory to evaluate the roe deer migrate among the five geographic populations,and explore the environmental factors that affect the migrate among the populations.At the same time,in order to explore the spatial distribution pattern of roe deer suitable habitat.this study combined with automatic camera data(2013-2019)and winter transect data(2015-2017)to collect and organize the roe deer appear point data,and then use the Maximum Entropy Models(MAXENT model),using cross-validation(cross validation)method is repeated 10 times,and the average value of the 10 calculations is used as the habitat suitability index(HSI);and using geographic information system technology,with the maximum Yorden index as the threshold to delineate roe deer.Based on the principle of minimum cost distance,combined with the wildlife habitat connectivity analysis toolbox Linkage Mapper,the roe deer corridors between patches in suitable habitats are identified.The research results of this paper are as follows:1)The genetic diversity level of the five Siberian magpie populations(He=0.714～0.732)was higher than that of most Asian Siberian roe deer populations(He＝0.522 to 0.628).At the same time,the degree of genetic differentiation of the five geographic populations was low(FST=-0.0011 to 0.018),but the genetic difference was significant(P<0.05).The effect of spatial isolation of species genetic structure among geographic populations is weak,which may be due to the large gene flow among geographic populations that weakens this isolation effect.Migration rates varied among sites,generally showing a southeastward dispersal pattern,and we found slope were the main driving factors,the increase in slope promoting the dispersal out of original populations;2)In the northern part of Changbai Mountain,the total suitable habitat area for roe deer is 12,638.240 km2,accounting for 28.8%of the total area of the research area(43,747.55 km2).Among them,suitable habitats are mainly concentrated in the southeastern part of the study area,as well as the west-central part of the central part;and there are some relatively concentrated suitable habitats in the northeast and southwest corners of the study area.In addition,there are some island-like suitable habitats with small area and discrete distribution in the whole study area;3)This study found 6 corridors in the study area,which can be constructed as ecological corridors to promote gene exchange among roe deer populations.It is recommended to use the minimum home range as the minimum width of the corridor during construction,and adjust the construction location of the corridor according to the slope when constructing the corridor.