| As a large agricultural country,fertilizer plays an important role in our agricultural development and grain yield improvement.Organic fertilizer is composed of organic matter,which contains a large amount of organic matter and abundant nutrient elements.The application of organic fertilizer is beneficial to improve soil,fertilize soil fertility,stimulate plant growth and improve crop quality.Letinous edodes fungus chaff is a kind of organic fertilizer,which riched in organic matter,sulfur,magnesium,nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,calcium and other nutrients.At present,letinous edodes mushroom bran is mainly used as cultivation matrix of other edible fungi,livestock feed,nutritious soil ingredients,organic fertilizer and so on.However,the study on the influence of letinous edodes mushroom bran organic fertilizer on the growth of greenhouse soil and fruits and vegetables is not comprehensive and thorough.In our study,8 treatments were set in field test:control group without any fertilizer(CK);single application of inorganic fertilizer(C);single application of chicken manure(F);single application of lentinan organic fertilizer(M);Mushroom Residue(X);Inorganic Fertilizer and Chicken Manure(CF);Inorganic Fertilizer and Lentinus Mushroom Organic Fertilizer(CM).The following results are obtained:1.Effects on soil physical and chemical propertiesThe contents of total N,total P,total K,alkaline N,available K and organic matter in rhizosphere soil were determined.The results showed that M treatment increased the content of alkali hydrolyzed N in soil,and CM treatment increased the content of organic matter,total N,total P,total K and available K in soil.2.Effects on soil biological characteristicsAs same as the previous treatment,we analyzed and compared effects of different fertilization treatments on soil enzyme activities.The results showed that,compared with other treatments,M treatment had little effects on alkaline phosphatase and catalase in soil,but could enhance the activity of urease and polyphenol oxidase in soil(P<0.05).3.Effects on growth and yield of fruits and vegetablesThrough the cultivation of purple cabbage and one season watermelon,we also compared the effects of different fertilizer treatments on the growth,yield and nutritional quality of these plants.The results showed that the fresh weight of cabbage in M treatment was higher than that of other treatments.Before the period of the regiment,compared with other treatments,CM treatment showed no significant difference in height and stem diameter of plants.However,the height and stem diameter of purple cabbage increased significantly after that period.At harvest time,CM treatment increased yield by 183.56%.During the extension stage,CM treatment had no significant change in height and stem diameter of watermelon.At harvest time,CM treatment increased the yield of watermelon by 45.38%.Based on the study on growth and yield of purple cabbage and watermelon,their quality was also studied.The results showed that,compared with other fertilizer treatments,the content of soluble solids and protein in watermelon increased and the titratable acid content decreased in M treatment.In CM treatment,the content of soluble sugar and VC in watermelon increased.And the content of protein,soluble sugar content and VC content in purple cabbage were improved,but the nitrate content was significantly decreased(P<0.05)in CM treatment.In conclusion,the application of letinous edodes organic manure can promote growth and development,improve soil physical and chemical properties,improve soil fertility,enhance soil urease activity and polyphenol oxidase activity,and then improve the yield of purple cabbage and watermelon and improve fruit quality. |
