Effect Of Garlic Skin On Intestinal Mcroorganisms Of Hu Sheep

The northern Anhui province is close to the country's largest garlic planting and processing base-Jinxiang,Shandong province.And there are extensive garlic cultivation and processing counties in the northern Anhui area as well.These places produce a large amount of garlic processing by-products-garlic skin and garlic stems.But how to deal with these by-products has become a serious issue for garlic processing enterprises.Recently,some farming enterprises in northern Anhui province use garlic skin to completely replace silage or forage and other traditional roughages to feed meat sheep.Because garlic skin contains the same chemical components as garlic,such as allicin and other organic sulfur compounds,it is unclear whether these bioactive substances will adversely affect the intestinal microorganisms of mutton sheep.This study compare the effects of garlic skin and silage(corn stalk)on the intestinal microbiome of Hu sheep,aim to evaluate the rationality of using garlic skin as complete roughage.Sixty young female Hu sheep of similar weight were selected and randomly assigned into two groups(30 each group),one group were feeded with garlic skin(EP group)as roughage,and the other group were feeded with silage(CT group)as roughage.This experiment lasted for 60 days.On the last day of experiment,feces were collected from the rectum of the test sheep under sterile conditions.Ten samples were randomly selected from each group and subjected to sequencing the V3-V4 region of the 16 S r RNA.Comparison of microbial communities between the two groups were performed through bioinformatics analysis.The main results are as follows:1)The amount of valid tags(valid tags)obtained from each sample is distributed between 27200 ? 40776,and the average length of valid tags is distributed at 423.76 ?429.34 bp.The number of OTU,Shannon Wiener index,Alpha Simpson index and Alpha Rank Abundance index in feces of EP group were significantly higher than CT group.2)Among the predominant phylums with relative abundance greater than 1%,the EP group has more Fibrobacteres than the CT group;at the phylum classification level,the predominant bacteria in the EP group are classified as Cyanobacteria,Elusimicrobia,Fibrobacteres,Lentisphaerae,Tenericutes and Verrucomicrobia.The dominant bacteria inthe CT group were classified as Actinobacteria and Actinobacteria.At the family classification level,the relative abundance of the EP group and the CT group is greater than 1%,but the relative abundance of the Ruminococcaceae in the EP group is significantly higher than that in the CT group(33.95% vs.29.64%).Relative abundance boxplot analysis found that in the top 10 differential families,the predominant fungi in the EP group are Bacteroidales RF16 group,Clostridiales vadin BB60 group,Vieroniaceae,Rhodospirillaceae and ruminococcaceae;the dominant bacteria in the CT group are Bacteroidaceae and Bacteroidaceae S24 group,Lachnospiraceae,Prevotellaceae,and Spirospiraceae(Spirochaetaceae).Conclusion: As complete roughage,garlic skin is better for intestinal microbial richness and uniformity than silage.Garlic skin can completely replace silage(corn stalk)as roughage for Hu sheep.