| Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg is a vine in the family of grapeae.Its tuberous roots are often used as medicine.It is often used in the treatment of febrile convulsion of children,respiratory tract infection,rheumatism and other diseases.In order to improve the quality and yield of T.hemsleyanum,standardize the cultivation technology,develope the medicinal value and select the excellent strains of T.hemsleyanum,this study carried out field investigation on different cultivation bases of T.hemsleyanum,used the methods of agronomic index determination,chemometrics,HPLC multi-component quantitative analysis,and so on to conduct a comprehensive evaluation study on T.hemsleyanum of different cultivation bases,different cultivation modes,different provenances and various parts of the underground root and fibrous root of T.hemsleyanum.It is expected to provide a more comprehensive reference basis for artificial cultivation and superior strains selection,to provide a theoretical basis for the sustainable development,utilization and resource protection of T.hemsleyanum.The main results are as follows:(1)Effects of different cultivation bases on the agronomic characters and medicinal materials quality of T hemsleyanum.Agronomic indicators,conventional medicinal materials detection indicators and active component contents of different bases were determined.Longquan base had the longest stem,the forests grow sample in Wuyi base had the largest stem and the longest leaf,the largest and smallest blade aspect ratio of leaf were from the sample in Wuyi base and Longquan base,the largest and smallest blade aspect ratio of tuberous root were from the sample in Puqian base and Jingshan base,the greenhouses planted sample in Wuyi base had the largest aboveground and underground biomass.The water content of tuberous root of T.hemsleyanum ranged from 9.95%to 17.40%,the average water content was about 13.36%,the alcohol soluble extract ranged from 10.85%to 17.52%,the average extract content was about 13.75%,and the extract content of all samples met the requirements.The highest contents of flavonoids,total phenols and polysaccharides were found in Wenlin base,Huangshan base,and Longquan base.The highest contents of polydatin,piceatannol,resveratrol and kaempferol were found in Lanxi base,Qingyuan base,Paoqian base and Jingshan base.The total content of three polyphenols(polydatin,piceatannol,resveratrol)was the highest in the samples from Puqian base.Greenhouses were beneficial to the growth of biomass and the accumulation of total flavones,while mountain planting was beneficial to the accumulation of phenolic acids.Under the conditions of planting in mountainous areas,ridge planting and container planting had no clear effect on the underground biomass and the quality of medicinal materials.Under the condition of greenhouses cultivation,the treble planting increased the biomass and the content of effective substances of treble green.(2)Effects of different provenances on the agronomic characters and medicinal materials quality of T.hemsleyanum.Agronomic indicators,conventional medicinal materials detection indicators and active component contents of different provenances were determined.The stem of Zhejiang Changkou was longest,the stem of Guangdong Shixing was largest,the sample of Fujian Sanyuanhad largest leaf size and the highest biomass.The leaf of Guangdong Shixinghad the biggest blade aspect ratio,belong to the long and narrow shape type,the leaf of Guangxi Longsheng had minimum blade aspect ratio,belong to the round blade type.The samples of Guangdong Shixing and Fujian Sanyuan were biggerthan others.The water content of root tubers of different provenances ranged from 5.70%to 17.50%,with an average value of 10.90%.The content of alcohol-soluble extracts ranged from 7.95%to 16.15%,with an average value of 13.08%.Excepy the sample of Guangxi Leye,the extracts of samples of 14 provenances met the requirements.The provenances with the highest content of flavonoids,total phenols and polysaccharides were Zhejiang Zhuyang,Guangdong Shixing and Zhejiang Huangyan.The smaple of Zhejiang Huangyan had highest content of polydatin,and the sample of Fujian Sanyuan was failed to detect polydatin content,piceatannol the sample of Chongqing Jingfoshan had the highestcontent of piceatannol.The sample of Zhejiang Zhuyang had the highest content of piceatannol and kaemperol.The sample of Chongqing Jingfoshan had the highest content of 4 index components,and the highest content of 3 kinds of phenolics(polydatin,piceatannol,resveratrol).Based on the agronomic characters and the content of active components,it was found that the provenances of Guangdong Shixing and Chongqing Jingfoshan had good quality with large biomass,which could be used as an excellent germplasm for artificial cultivation of T.hemsleyanumin the future.There was a significant correlation between the quality and agronomic characters.Leaf length and leaf width were positively correlated with total flavonoids and total phenols,and negatively correlated with polysaccharides.The ratio of leaf length to width was positively correlated with the content of total phenols,and negatively correlated with the content of polysaccharides and piceatannol.The root length was positively correlated with the content of kaenophenol,and the root length-width ratio was positively correlated with the content of resveratrol and kaenophenol.(3)Effects of different provenances on antioxidant activity of tuberous root of T.hemsleyanum.By FRAP,ABTS and DPPH methods,the antioxidant activity of T.hemsleyanum from different provenances was compared.The results showed that the sample of different provenances had the strong antioxidant activity.The results of cluster analysis showed that the provenance of zhejiang Baizhang,zhejiang Zhuyang,Guangdong Shixing,Guangxi Leye,Fujian Sanyuan and Jiangxi Suichuan had good antioxidant activity.Through the analysis of samples of 15 provenances,it was found that the antioxidant activity of T.hemsleyanum was significantly positively correlated with the content of total flavonoids,total phenols and polydatin and significantly negatively correlated with the content of piceatannol,but not with the content of resveratrol land kaempferol.(4)Comparison of the content of active components and antioxidant activities in different parts of T.hemsleyanum.In order to develop and utilize the resources of T.hemsleyanum,and to explore the feasibility of using the fibrous root as medicine.The content of polysaccharides and ceperol in the root and flavonoids and polyphenols in the fibrous root were higher.Fibrous roots have higher antioxidant activity,especially the fibrous roots at the upper end of root tuber.The research results show that the fibrous root of T.hemsleyanum in a variety of active ingredients are similar to tuberous root on the content,and part of the content is far higher than that of root,can be used as a root replacement is applied to research and development of health food and drug. |
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