Screening Of High Yield And Quality Oat Forage Materials And Correlation Analysis Of Agronomic Traits In Pingba Ecological Region,Sichuan Province

China's animal husbandry is in a transitional stage and needs the corresponding development of the forage industry as a support.At present,the forage industry mainly consists of natural grassland and artificial grassland and crop straw.The unreasonable development of natural grassland leads to serious soil desertification and serious damage to the ecological environment.The crop straw is inconvenient to use due to processing difficulties,so the construction of artificial grassland is an inevitable trend.However,the current development of artificial grassland is limited by the simplification of forage species and the disorder of varieties,and the excellent forage varieties mainly rely on imports,so the development of various types of forage,breeding high-yield and high-quality varieties,while actively promoting forage The orderly development of the three stages of pre-production-production-post-production can further promote the development of the forage industry.Oatmeal is an important food and feed combination.It has great edible and forage value,and has strong resistance to stress,high biological yield and good quality.It is a high quality forage material.The current import volume of oat forage has increased year after year and has great potential for demand.With the health function of oatmeal as a food and the biological yield of forage,the area of oat planting in China is gradually increasing,and oats have a very broad potential for planting and development.The grain-feeding rotation in the Pingba ecological zone in Sichuan can fully explore the annual oat forage planted in the winter leisure field,which not only solves the problem of winter forage shortage,improves land use efficiency,reduces winter land exposure,and promotes the development of agriculture and animal husbandry.In this study,20 materials from different major oat production areas in China,and 4 high-yield forage varieties from the international germplasm resources selected in the previous study group,and 8 pairs of high-yielding forage materials from the RILs group were collected.Combining the pre-sowing period,sowing density and fertilization amount multi-factor multi-level test to determine the optimal combination of cultivation factors in the Pingba ecological zone in Sichuan,carry out the castration test at different growth stages,and determine the forage at the booting stage,heading stage,The four yields at the flowering and filling stages selected the best oat forage material in each period to meet the forage demand in the season.Castration at booting stage,the highest yield of fresh grass is the No.15 material-sweet oats,the highest yield of hay is the No.22 material-IL2858-1;the highest yield of fresh grass castrated at the heading stage is the No.3 material--Bayan No.4,the highest yield of hay is No.13 material-Quebec;the highest yield of oats in the flowering period and the highest yield of fresh grass is the same material-No.27,ie group offspring 3-109;At the time,the No.7 material-Baiyan No.19 had the highest dry weight.The crude protein in oat hay was the highest at the booting stage,and decreased significantly at the heading stage.It did not show significant difference with the growth period;the water-soluble carbohydrates did not differ much in different growth stages,but the overall presentation was The trend of decline in growth period.The medium and acid detergent fibers showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with the growth of the growth period,the lowest content at the booting stage,the highest content at the flowering stage,and then gradually decreased and the downward trend was extremely significant.Therefore,oat forage has the best cutting quality at the booting stage.However,considering the yield and quality factors,the castration is the best during the filling period.According to the relative value of roughage,the quality of material No.10 at booting stage was the best;the quality of material No.25 at heading stage was the best;the material of No.21 was the best at flowering stage;the material of No.19 was the best at filling stage.Correlation analysis of yield and agronomic traits showed that the yield of forage fresh grass was significantly correlated with hay yield and plant height,and the grain weight per panicle was significantly positively correlated with the number of grains per panicle and 1000-grain weight(P<0.01).Tillers showed a significant positive correlation(P<0.05).There was a significant positive correlation between 1000-grain weight and number of tillers and inefficient tillers(P<0.01).There was a significant positive correlation between main spike length and plant height,and a significant negative correlation with spike rate.The flower rate was positively correlated with the length of the main ear,the length of the main ear and the height of the plant height(P<0.01).The gray correlation analysis between fresh grass yield and agronomic traits during grain filling stage showed that the top five factors were the plant height,main ear length,tiller number,1000-grain weight and single-ear spike number.The top five traits of hay yield correlation were plant height,1000-grain weight,number of tillers,main panicle length and number of spikelets per panicle.The first five economic traits of grain yield are 1000-grain weight,main panicle length,single ear panicle weight,plant height and tiller number.