| E.bieneusi is a common zoonotic intestinal pathogen that can cause acute lethal diarrhea in immunodeficiency and immunocompromised individuals.Currently,over 500 E.bieneusi ITS genotypes have been identified in more than 230 hosts based on the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer(ITS)gene of E.bieneusi.Among them,over 120 E.bieneusi genotypes reported in pigs worldwide and mostly genotypes were classified in zoonotic group 1.Pigs are considered to be one of the main sources of human infection.The geographical and ecological environment is rich in Xinjiang,and there are few studies on the E.bieneusi of pig in this area.In this study,PCR method was used to detect and identify E.bieneusi in a part of large-scale pig farms in Xinjiang,and to grasp its epidemic situation and genotype distribution characteristics.1.A total of 44 Xiang pig fecal samples in a farm from Aksu.Based on the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer(ITS)gene of E.bieneusi,detected by nested PCR and 18 fecal samples were positive of E.bieneusi,with the overall prevalence was 40.9%(18/44).The infection rates in pre-weaning piglet and post-weaning piglet were 100%(9/9)and 32.1%(9/28),respectively,and no infection in adult sows.The E.bieneusi infection rates also differed significantly among age groups(P < 0.01).Five E.bieneusi genotypes were identified,EbpA(n=1),EbpC(n=13),Peru8(n=2),MJ12(n=1)and one novel genotype(Named XJP-I,n=1),respectively.Phylogenetic analysis showed that all five genotypes belong to group 1.The results showed that the infection rate of E.bieneusi in this field was higher,and there existence zoonotic genotype of E.bieneusi.2.A total of 801 fecal specimens were from pigs on seven large-scale pig farms from Marabishiin,Alaer,Yarkant,Baicheng,Shaya,Changji and Ruoqiang in Xinjiang,China.Based on the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer(ITS)gene of E.bieneusi,detected by nested PCR and 389 fecal samples were positive of E.bieneusi,overall infection rate was 48.6%(389/801).Shaya had the highest infection rates(73%,73/100),Alaer had the lowest infection rates(20.0%,19/95).The E.bieneusi infection rates differed significantly among the collection sites(P < 0.01).The infection rates in post-weaned pigs,pre-weaned suckling pigs,fattening pigs,and Adult pigs were 77.2%(271/281),35.5%(60/169),67.4%(87/129)and 11.3%(25/222),respectively.The E.bieneusi infection rates also differed significantly among age groups(P < 0.01).Fifteen genotypes were identified,including 13 known genotypes,CHC5(n=2),CS-1(n=5),CS-4(n=20),CS-9(n=1),CS-7(n=3),D(n=17),EbpA(n=129),EbpC(n=168),EbpD(n=5),H(n=2),PigEb4(n=12),PigEBITS5(n=19),WildBoard8(n=3)and 2 now genotypes(XJP-II,n=2;and XJP-III,n=1).Among them,six genotypes(CS-4,D,EbpA,EbpC,H,and PigEBITS5)have been reported in humans.Phylogenetic analysis showed that fifteen genotypes belong to group 1 of E.bieneusi.The results show that E.bieneusi is common in large-scale pigs in Xinjiang,and the zoonotic genotypes EbpA and EbpC were the predominant genotypes.It is suggested that pigs may is an important source of infect in transmitting E.bieneusi infections to humans.3.Based on micro-(MS1,MS3,MS7)and mini-satellite(MS4)gene locus,18 E.bieneusi-positive samples were amplified by nested PCR.Amplified 15,12,14 and 11 samples,respectively.10 samples were uccessfully amplified simultaneously at all four loci,formed eight multilocus genotypes.Among them,genotype EbpC formed 6 MLGs,and genotype MJ12 and EbpA formed 1 MLG,respectively.These results suggests that there existence genetic diversity of E.bieneusi from Xiang pigs in this farm.The results show that pigs are commonly infected with E.bieneusi in Xinjiang,and their genotypes have various distribution characteristics.The zoonotic genotype is the dominant infection genotype,suggesting that pigs may be a potential source of in transmitting E.bieneusi infections humans.The results provide basic data for the study of E.bieneusi in China. |
