Effects Of Fermented Chinese Herbs On Liver Health Of Grouper(Epinephelus Coioides)

1.The Protective Effect of Chinese Medicinal Fermented Preparations on Oxidative Damage of Hepatocellular Cells of GrouperThe present investigation was designed to assess the effects and possible mechanisms of 10kinds of traditional Chinese medicine fermentation preparations against hydrogen peroxide?H₂O₂?-induced liver injury.After the treatment of the traditional Chinese medicine fermented preparation and H₂O₂,the cell growth activity was measured including AST,ALT,LDH,T-AOC,GSH-PX,MDA.A significant reduction revealed on the cell viability,T-AOC and GSH-PX?p<0.05?,but there was a big increase in the content of AST,ALT and LDH?p<0.05?.After the preparations were processed,the AST and ALT of Ginkgo biloba L.and licorice were significantly lower than other groups?p<0.05?,on the contrary,the activities of T-AOC and GSH-PX.were remarkably higher than those of other groups?p<0.05?.And MDA content was the lowest in each group?p<0.05?.According to the above results,Ginkgo biloba L.and licorice fermentation preparations have stronger protective effects on H₂O₂-induced oxidative damage of grouper liver cells than other traditional Chinese medicine fermentation preparations.2.Effects of fermented chinese herbs on growth performance and liver health of GrouperDiets containing 0.25%and 0.5%fermented Ginkgo biloba L.and 0.25%and 0.5%fermented licorice were prepared and fed into juvenile groupers.After 8 weeks of breeding tests,relevant indicators for the growth performance of oblique grouper were determined:WGR,SGR,HIS,SR;Biochemical indicators of grouper:ALT,AST,AKP,T-CHO,TP;Related indicators of hepatic antioxidant activity of grouper:SOD,GSH-PX,CAT,MDA;and Antioxidant enzymes in liver Gene expression levels:SOD mRNA,GSH-PX mRNA,CAT mRNA.A minor difference showed in long-term performance indicators between the control group and the fermented Ginkgo biloba L.and the fermented licorice fed grouper?p>0.05?.The addition of fermented Ginkgo biloba L.0.5%,fermented licorice 0.25,and fermented licorice 0.5%significantly reduced plasma ALT and AST levels?p<0.05?;The addition of fermented Ginkgo biloba L.and fermented licorice could significantly increase the activity of liver antioxidant enzymes?SOD,GSH-PX,CAT?and significantly reduce the content of MDA in the liver?P<0.05?,The addition of 0.5%fermented Ginkgo biloba L.has the most significant effect.The best effect got in the group that of fermented Ginkgo biloba L.was added,but only a minor difference found in the content of SOD mRNA in the liver with 0.25%fermented licorice?p>0.05?.The results showed that the addition of fermentedGinkgo biloba L.leaves and fermented licorice could increase the antioxidative activity of the liver of grouper,and the addition of 0.5%Ginkgo biloba leaves had better protective effect on liver cells.3.Effects of fermented chinese herbs on plasma biochemical indices and antioxidation of liver of Grouper in acute nitrite stressDiets containing 0.25%and 0.5%fermented Ginkgo biloba leaves and 0.25%and 0.5%fermented Glycyrrhizae were prepared and fed into juvenile grouper larvae.After 8 weeks of breeding tests,nitrite stress was applied.After nitrite stress,the survival rates of 0.25%,0.5%fermented Ginkgo biloba L.leaves and 0.25%fermented licorice three groups in the diet were significantly higher than those in the control group?p<0.05?.In the added drug groups,0.5%of fermented Ginkgo biloba L.leaves could significantly reduce the plasma AST content?p<0.05?,0.5%fermented Ginkgo biloba L.leaf and 0.25%,after nitrite stress.0.5%fermented licorice can significantly reduce the plasma ALT content?p<0.05?,but the effect on the cortisol content in the plasma of each group was not obvious.Adding 0.25%,0.5%fermented Ginkgo biloba L.and 0.5%of fermented licorice could significantly reduce the plasma HSP70 content?p<0.05?,and 0.5%fermented Ginkgo biloba leaf was added to reach the lowest in each group.After nitrite stress,the activities of SOD and GSH-PX in the liver were significantly increased by adding the fermented Ginkgo biloba L.and fermented licorice in the feed.In addition,0.5%of the fermented Ginkgo biloba L.group added significantly to the activity of SOD in the liver after stress.GSH-PX and T-AOC in 0.5%fermented Ginkgo biloba L.and 0.25%and 0.5%fermented licorice were significantly higher than those in the control group?p<0.05?.MDA in the liver of the group was greatly decreased.The results showed that the addition of 0.5%fermented Ginkgo biloba L.was helpful for grouper to resist nitrite stress and improve the antioxidant capacity of liver in the stress environment of grouper.