| In the process of traditional protected horticulture,the management of crop water resources is relatively extensive.The main way of irrigation is flood irrigation.The way of irrigation and fertilization is backward,which causes serious waste of water and fertilizer resources.At the same time,unreasonable fertilization will cause residual fertilizer in the soil and environmental pollution.In order to improve the water and fertilizer utilization efficiency and crop yield of facility crops and promote the sustainable development of agriculture,it is necessary to implement precision irrigation and fertilization.At present,the irrigation and fertilization of most facility crops require operators to manually operate the equipment at the irrigation site every day.In the process of crop growth,personnel need to be on duty for a long time,which wastes a certain amount of labor and time.With the rapid development of Internet of things technology,the combination of water and fertilizer integration technology and Internet of things technology can realize the remote monitoring of water and fertilizer equipment,effectively liberate the labor force,and improve the level of information technology.In view of the above problems and combined with the current development status of water and fertilizer integration technology in China,this paper studies a set of water and fertilizer integration monitoring system suitable for facility crops,focusing on facility precision irrigation and fertilization technology,aiming at intelligence and informatization.This paper mainly studies from the following aspects:(1)This paper analyzes the research status of the integrated water and fertilizer monitoring system at home and abroad,analyzes the functions of the monitoring system in view of the existing problems and the production demand of the facilities,and determines the structural design of the first hub of the system,the single pump reflux mixing device in the water and fertilizer barrel,and the structural design of the integrated water and fertilizer control cabinet.(2)A kind of integrated monitoring system of water and fertilizer is designed,which is suitable for four water and fertilizer buckets.Adopting the idea of modularization,a monitoring system with STM32 as the control terminal,various sensors as the environmental data acquisition module and touch screen as the human-computer interface is developed.The system uses the closed-loop feedback control principle to ensure the accuracy of the concentration of water and fertilizer solution.(3)The human-computer interface is designed by using the touch screen configuration technology,which is divided into manual mode interface,timing and quantitative mode interface,fertilizer matching mode interface and other integrated mode interfaces to meet the different irrigation and fertilization requirements of different growth stages of facility crops and realize the automatic irrigation and fertilization function.(4)Using the Internet of things technology,the second development of EMCP cloud platform realizes the remote monitoring of water and fertilizer integration equipment.The real-time communication between the touch screen and the cloud platform is realized by Modbus protocol.The user can remotely view and control the integrated equipment of water and fertilizer by logging in to the cloud platform or opening the app,and has the functions of historical data query and alarm notification,so as to realize the network management and intelligent control of the facility operation.Through the above research work,the design and prototype production of the integrated monitoring system of water and fertilizer for the facility are finally completed.Through the practical test and application of tomato growth,it is proved that the system is of great significance to improve the uniformity of water and fertilizer,the utilization rate of fertilizer,reduce the labor intensity and increase the crop yield,and meet the actual requirements of irrigation and fertilization. |
