Empirical Study On The Main Influencing Factors Of Wheat Harvest Loss

There are two main measures to ensure national food security: “open source” and “throttle”.China is bound by the environment and resources,and the potential for increasing grain production is increasing.Therefore,while grasping food production,special attention should be paid to “the festival”.flow".According to relevant statistics,the loss of China's grain post-harvest links is very serious,and the annual loss of food in each link accounts for 7%-11% of the total.As one of the world's major food crops,the post-harvest loss rate is 7.8%,of which the loss in the harvesting stage is as high as 4.715%,which is higher than the world average post-harvest loss rate of 3%-5%.China is the world's largest wheat producer.The development of wheat production is of great significance to China's food security.Hebei Province is one of the major wheat producing provinces in the country.Based on the theory of post-harvest loss and food supply and the behavioral decision-making theory of farmers,this paper combines relevant literature research to comprehensively analyze the possible influencing factors of wheat harvest loss,based on three major wheat producing counties of Xinji,Ningjin and Qingyuan in Hebei Province.The survey data,using the Tobit model to empirically study the main influencing factors of wheat harvest losses,to provide targeted advice to reduce wheat harvest losses.The research results are as follows:First,the statistical results show that the average wheat harvest loss rate is 3.696%,which is higher than the 3% post-harvest loss rate in Western countries.At all sample points,63.49% of the surveyed households indicated that the wheat harvest loss rate was concentrated between 3% and 5%;16.89% of the surveyed farmers considered the loss rate to be less than 3%;19.62% of the surveyed households believed that the wheat harvested The loss rate is higher than 5%.Secondly,through the statistical analysis of the sample description,it is believed that the main problems of wheat planting management and harvesting include high degree of land fragmentation,lack of pest control,improper harvesting period,easy harvesting and adverse weather conditions,and harvesters.Technology and machine quality need to be improved.Third,the results of Tobit analysis show that the age of the household,the education level,the proportion of agricultural income,the wheat variety,the timely harvest,the normal weather conditions during the harvest,the fine harvesting operations and the better food loss perception have the wheat harvest losses.Significant negative effects;agricultural outdoor work,land fragmentation and severe pest damage have a significant positive effect on wheat harvest losses.In summary,the loss of wheat harvesting in Hebei Province is relatively large,higher than the average level of developed countries and the world.There are many factors affecting the loss of wheat harvest,among which the harvest time,fineness of harvesting,manipulator's operation ability and variety selection have great influence on post-harvest losses.Therefore,the optimization measures proposed to reduce wheat harvest losses in Hebei Province are as follows:Reasonable arrangement of wheat harvesting time should be carried out at the end of waxing.The better harvesting time is between 9:00-11:00 am and 16:00-18:00 pm;the harvester should be based on specific conditions.Adjust the operating parameters,including the turning should stop harvesting,use the reverse method to turn,do not cut while turning;wheat is dense and early or late,when the wheat humidity is heavy after the rain,the operating speed should be appropriately reduced;strengthen the training of the hands,improve the actual Operational ability,for each operator involved in the training,to establish a corresponding training file,in order to facilitate the technical guidance for the operator in the later stage;combined with the climatic conditions such as precipitation and illumination in specific areas,specific production conditions and other actual conditions to select excellent varieties,reduce losses from the source and so on.