Study On Farmers’ Frustration Standard And Subsidy Policy In Ecological Degraded Areas

The report of the 19 th National Congress attaches great importance to the construction of ecological civilization and green development.Ecological civilization and green development will usher in new strategic opportunities,transform the high-speed economic growth model that has been exchanged at the expense of the environment,and take the green,efficient and sustainable development path.Achieving harmonious and win-win economic development and ecological protection has become the focus of attention from all walks of life.The fallow system as a practice of sustainable land development and green development concept will also usher in new strategic opportunities.In 2016,the government decided to implement the fallow policy pilot program in response to the actual situation of cultivated land in the ecologically degraded areas in the northwest,and hoped to explore the technical model,organization and policy system of farmland fallow in line with the ecologically degraded areas in the northwest.Fallow tillage means that farmers have to give up the original farming methods and crop types,which will have a great impact on farmers’ livelihood security.Farmers make a living by arable land,which determines that the implementation of fallow must take into account the wishes and needs of farmers.Ecological compensation will be carried out to ensure that the living standards of the original farmers are not degraded and social fairness and stability are maintained.So far,the fallow subsidy policy has been implemented for more than two years with the policy itself.The problems and sustainability of the fallow subsidy policy are still unclear.In order to achieve the agreement between the policy effect and the desired goal,the “storage of grain” and sustainable agriculture can be guaranteed.To realize the realization of major strategic goals and give play to the counter-action of subsidy policies to policies,this paper uses empirical analysis and theoretical analysis from the perspective of fallow subsidies,and analyzes participation according to household characteristic variables,household variables and farmer policy cognitive variables.The willingness of the fallow farmers and their main influencing factors,based on interviews with experts and farmers,analyze and summarize the problems of the subsidy policy from the level of experts and farmers.This will provide theoretical and practical basis for the formulation and implementation of the fallow subsidy policy for the ecologically degraded areas in the northwest.In the first part,this paper takes "the willingness of farmers to fallow in the northwest for ecological degradation" as the research object,and uses the Tobit regression model to study and analyze the willingness to pay for the fallow subsidies of 232 households in Huan County and Huining,Gansu Province.Firstly,by combing a large number of domestic and foreign related literatures and the study of corresponding theoretical knowledge,the research direction,research content and research purpose of this paper are determined.Secondly,the research theme is determined according to the actual situation of the sample area,and then the questionnaire is designed according to the determined research direction.And conduct field research to obtain data.In the empirical analysis,the factors affecting farmers’ willingness to pay are divided into three main parts,namely: individual characteristics of farmers,household characteristics of farmers and cognitive characteristics of farmers.After processing the data,it is found that farmers’ cognitive characteristics compensate farmers for fallow The willingness to pay is greater.The second part uses the qualitative analysis method to design relevant interview outlines,and interviews the farmers in the questionnaire survey process,and selects relevant experts from the school to conduct in-depth interviews,thus obtaining two different farmers and experts.At the level of the view on the issue of the fallow subsidy policy,the author uses the grounded theory to analyze the interview data,and analyzes the issue of the fallow subsidy policy from the perspective of the farmer’s level and the three aspects of the expert level.Finally,the final conclusion of this paper and the corresponding policy optimization measures.The conclusions of this paper are as follows: Firstly,the farmer’s willingness to pay for fallow is affected by the gender of the affected farmers.The male respondents’ willingness to pay is higher than the female respondents’ willingness to pay.Secondly,the farmer’s household variable is also willing to compensate farmers.There are influences,mainly the annual income of the family,the income of the farmer before the fallow,the area of fallow and the actual subsidy amount obtained by the farmers,which have an impact on the willingness of the farmer to fall into the farmland.The other households have no significant impact on the household variables;Farmers’ willingness to pay also has an impact.The main reason is that the government’s implementation cost perception and ecological environment perception have an impact on farmers’ willingness to pay for fallow,and the rest of the variables are not significant.Secondly,the general willingness of farmers to pay is low,indicating that farmers are The standard requirements for fallow are lower,which is contrary to the original purpose of the policy;further,due to various factors,the ecologically degraded areas in the northwest need complex,diverse and regional specific fallow subsidy plans,which are in line with the ecological degradation areas in the northwest.The factual,realistic and scientifically perfect fallow subsidy system enhances the self of farmers Exhibition capacity and the international competitiveness of agricultural products to achieve the "strategic grain in the land" and the important strategic objectives of sustainable agricultural development;finally,the current fallow subsidy system is too rigid and single,due to the cost and current operational feasibility,the farmers are not fully considered Their own needs and the economic and social conditions of each region are feasible in the short-term from the peasant level,but they are in urgent need of adjustment from the perspective of social equity and national financial capacity.Therefore,to improve the efficiency and fairness of the subsidy policy,and to exert the counter-action of the subsidy policy on the fallow policy,it is necessary to formulate reasonable subsidy standards to balance the private and social benefits of fallow,thereby ensuring the income and social equity of farmers;Implement management and monitoring systems to ensure the safety of subsidy funds and fair implementation of policies;to develop an effective and sustainable subsidy fund protection plan to ensure that subsidy funds can be supplied in the future as the fallow period is extended and the fallow range is expanded;In order to encourage farmers to adopt new production concepts,the ultimate goal of fallow can be achieved and farmland protection can be realized.