Design Of Seeding Monitoring System For Corn Precision Seeder

With the improvement of the level of agricultural mechanization,precision seeders are widely used in agricultural sowing production,which plays an important role in improving work efficiency.The seed metering device is the core component of the precision seeder,and its performance determines the quality of the seeding operation.During the operation of air-suction precision seeder,it is inevitable that the seeding disc is not well-sucked,the conductor delivery tube is blocked by debris,and the seed box is emptying,which will cause the seed to leak and affect the crop yield.Therefore,in order to ensure the quality of the seeding operation,it is urgent to equip the precision seeder with a high-performance and high-reliability seeding quality real-time monitoring and alarming system,which is of great significance for improving the economic efficiency of the seeding operation and reducing the labor cost of manual follow-up observation.At present,there are four commonly used electronic monitoring methods: photoelectric induction method,capacitance induction method,piezoelectric induction method and machine vision method.Through comparison and analysis,it is determined that photoelectric induction is used to monitor the falling process of corn particles,so as to optimize the software and hardware structure of the seeding monitoring system for corn precision seeder.The system performance is improved and optimized through experiments to meet the actual operation requirements.The main contents of this paper are as follows:(1)Developed a seed monitoring system for corn precision seeder based on STM32 single-chip microcomputer.The system displays the seeding amount,leakage seeding amount and re-batch amount of each seeding unit in real time through TFT LCD screen.When the fault occurs,it can be alarmed by the sound and light device.(2)In order to improve the stability of the system monitoring and the sensitivity of the operation,design a seed-based monitoring probe based on the on-beam photoelectric induction,and eliminate the monitoring blind zone by optimizing the spatial arrangement of the diode and the structure of the seed tube,while blocking the scattered light at the transmitting end.The receiving end is indirectly affected by the matching diode to filter out stray interference.(3)In order to realize the function of acquiring,processing and responding to the seed signal,the functional circuit modules such as signal acquisition circuit,vehicle speed picking circuit,single chip system circuit,alarm display circuit and power supply circuit are optimized,and the key components of the selection are calculated and completed.and the hardware system integration of monitoring circuit is completed.(4)In order to realize parameter statistics and fault identification display,the software program of the system is designed and developed,including pulse interrupt monitoring subroutine,timer subroutine,leak and replay decision algorithm,parameter display subroutine and light alarm subroutine.(5)Carry out laboratory bench test and field test.The JPS-12 test bench was used to test the seedvolume at different speeds: when the speed is 300 grain/min,420 grain/min and 540 grain/min,the precision of the system is 98.2%,97.9% and 97.5% respectively,which meets the practical operation requirements.The integrated monitoring system is used for field experiments.The speed of the planter is controlled from 4 km/h to 6 km/h.The experimental results show that the monitoring accuracy of the seeding volume is 96.2%.When the broken bands were leaked,the number of leaked sowing paths could be accurately located and the sound and light alarm could be sent out.The success rate of the alarm was 100%.