| The quality of duck meat is affected by factors such as feeding environment and feed nutrient level,the quality of duck meat is also one of the key factors.The length of the breeding age,theamount of mineral elements and flavor nutrients in the duck meat has a certain correlation with the quality of the meat,but the prolonged feeding age brings about an increase in feeding costs and a decrease in economic benefits.How to determine a reasonable market age between different duck breeds can not only ensure the good quality of ducks,but also take into account the cost of raising is an urgent industrial problem.In this experiment,small body ducks breeds-Runzhou Crested White Ducks,local egg ducks breed-Liancheng White Ducks and large-scale meat ducks breed-Cherry Valley Ducks were studied.Different tissues(chest muscle,leg muscles,liver,back skin,tibia)increased with age(0 days old,21 days old,35 days old,49 days old,56 days old)and the mRNA expression level of related genes,which is the age of ducks of different breeds.Provide a theoretical basis.The main results of the test are as follows:1.Deposition of mineral elements at different agesThe content of mineral elements in tissues was detected by atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry.The results showed:The amount of magnesium deposited in different tissues is:tibia>chest muscle>leg muscle>liver>back skin.Among different tissues:the breast and leg muscles had the largest deposition at 56 days old;the liver was significantly larger than the other days at 49 days old(p<0.05);the deposition of the back and tibia at 21 days old was significantly higher than other days(p<0.05).Among different duck breeds:the 49-56 day age of the cherry valley duck in the liver was significantly lower than that of other ducks(p<0.05);The content of magnesium in the chest muscle and leg muscle of Liancheng White Ducks was the highest at 56 days old.The amount of potassium deposited in various tissues was tibia>leg muscle>chest muscle>liver>back skin.In different tissues:the deposition of breast muscle,leg muscles,and liver reached a constant value at 49 days old.The back skin and tibia were the highest at 0 days old,and the tibia was significantly higher than other days(p<0.05).Among different duck breeds:the liver tissue of Liancheng White Ducks at 49-56 days old was significantly higher than other breeds(p<0.05);the content of potassium in Liancheng White Ducks is the highest in the chest muscle and leg muscle.The amount of iron deposited in each tissue is:liver>tibia>chest muscle>leg muscle>back skin.In different tissues:the chest muscle and liver reached the highest value at 49-56 days old(p<0.05);the leg muscles were highest at 0 and 56 days old(p<0.05);The iron content in the back skin reached the highest value at 21、35and 49 days old(p<0.05).The content of the 21 and 35 days old of the tibia was the highest.Among the different duck breeds:The deposition of iron elements in the chest muscle and liver of Runzhou Crested White Ducks was the highest at 49-56 days old(p<0.05).The 56 days old of Liancheng White Ducks leg muscle was significantly higher than other breeds(p<0.05).The amount of selenium deposited in each tissue is:liver>leg muscle>chest muscle>back skin>tibia.In different tissues:the deposition of 0-day-old in the chest muscle was significantly higher than that of other days(p<0.05);the highest in the leg muscles at 0、35 and 56 days old(p<0.05);the highest in the liver at 56 days old(p<0.05);the highest in the back skin at 21 and 35 days old;the highest in the tibia was 0 days old(p<0.05).Among the different duck breeds:the deposition of selenium in the chest muscles and leg muscles of Runzhou Crested White Ducks was significantly higher than that of other breeds at 35 days old(p<0.05),and the lowest in Cherry Valley Ducks(p>0.05);the 56 days old Runzhou Crested White Ducks had the highest selenium content in the liver.The amount of zinc deposited in each tissue is:tibia>liver>leg muscle>chest muscle>back skin.In different tissues:the deposition volume was the highest in the chest muscle at 0 days(p<0.05);the leg muscle and liver were the highest at 49 and 56 days(p<0.05);the back skin and tibia were the highest at 21 days.Among the different duck breeds:when Liancheng white duck was 49 days old,the deposition of selenium in the chest muscle was the lowest(p>0.05),and the deposition of zinc in the leg muscle and liver was the highest(p<0.05).2.Influencing the expression level of genes related to mineral element depositionUsing RT-qPCR assay to detect the expression levels of mineral-related genes in livers of different ages,the results show:Among the magnesium related genes TRPM6 and TRPM7,the mRNA expression level of TRPM6 gene in Liancheng White ducks was significantly higher than that of other breeds(p<0.05).Among the selenium-related genes GPX1 and GPX4,the expression levels of GPX1 and GPX4 mRNA in Runzhou Crested White Ducks were the highest at 56 days old,which was significantly higher than that of Cherry Valley Ducks(p<0.05).Among the zinc-related genes ATP6 and ATP8,the expression levels of ATP6 and ATP8 mRNA in Liancheng White Ducks at 0-21 days were significantly higher than those in other breeds(p<0.05).Among the potassium-related genes ATP1A1 and ATP1B1,the expression levels of ATP1A1 and ATP1B1 mRNA in Liancheng white ducks were significantly higher than those in other breeds(p<0.05).Among the iron-related genes FTH1,the expression level of mRNA in Runzhou Crested White Ducks was the lowest at 0 days old(p>0.05),and the expression level was the highest at 56 days old,which was significantly higher than that of Liancheng White Ducks(p<0.05).In summary,the deposition laws of magnesium and potassium in different tissues of different duck breeds are similar and have certain correlations;the deposition rules of iron,selenium and zinc are different.The gene expression level was the highest at 0-21 days old and 59-56 days old,and the deposition rate was the fastest at 0-21 days old,and the highest at 49-56 days old,the same time node indicates that the gene also has a certain influence on the deposition of elements in the tissue.At 49-56 days of age,the detection data of mineral elements in different tissues is the best.Therefore,it is suggested that Runzhou Crested White Ducks and Liancheng White Ducks can provide reference for the market age at around 56 days old and Cherry Valley Ducks at around 35-49 days old. |
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